Co to je?
Minulý čas prostý slovesa to be má tvary was a were.
Was se používá s:
- I
- he
- she
- it
Were se používá s:
- you
- we
- they
Příklady:
- I was tired.
- She was at home.
- We were busy.
- They were happy.
Záporné tvary jsou was not a were not.
Běžné krátké tvary jsou:
- was not → wasn’t
- were not → weren’t
Kdy se používá
Minulý čas prostý slovesa to be se používá k vyjádření:
- minulých stavů: I was tired.
- minulých pocitů: She was nervous.
- minulých míst: They were at school.
- minulého věku: He was ten years old.
- minulých popisů: The room was small.
- minulých situací: We were very busy.
- minulých dat a časů: It was Monday.
Struktura
Kladné věty
| Podmět | Tvar | Příklad |
|---|---|---|
| I | was | I was at work. |
| He / She / It | was | She was happy. |
| You / We / They | were | They were at home. |
Struktura:
podmět + was/were + doplněk
- He was tired.
- We were late.
Záporné věty
| Podmět | Plný tvar | Krátký tvar |
|---|---|---|
| I / He / She / It | was not | wasn’t |
| You / We / They | were not | weren’t |
Struktura:
podmět + was not/were not + doplněk
- I wasn’t hungry.
- They weren’t ready.
Otázky
Struktura:
Was/Were + podmět + doplněk?
- Was she at home?
- Were they tired?
- Were you busy?
Krátké odpovědi
- Was he late? — Yes, he was.
- Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
- Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
- Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.
Příklady
- I was very tired yesterday.
- She was at the office this morning.
- He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
- It was cold last night.
- We were happy with the result.
- You were very quiet yesterday.
- They weren’t at home.
- Was your brother at school?
- Were the shops open?
- Where were you last weekend?
Výjimky
Were se používá místo was v některých formálních nebo neskutečných výrazech s I, he, she nebo it.
- If I were you, I would wait.
- I wish she were here.
V neformální angličtině se v těchto výrazech někdy používá was, ale were je standardní tvar.
Časté chyby
-
Nesprávně: I were tired yesterday. Správně: I was tired yesterday. Vysvětlení: S I se používá was.
-
Nesprávně: They was at home. Správně: They were at home. Vysvětlení: S they se používá were.
-
Nesprávně: She didn’t be happy. Správně: She wasn’t happy. Vysvětlení: S minulým časem prostým slovesa to be se nepoužívá didn’t.
-
Nesprávně: Did he was at work? Správně: Was he at work? Vysvětlení: V otázkách s was nebo were se nepoužívá did.
-
Nesprávně: We wasn’t ready. Správně: We weren’t ready. Vysvětlení: S we se používá weren’t.
-
Nesprávně: Were she at school? Správně: Was she at school? Vysvětlení: S she se používá was.
-
Nesprávně: I was not at home? Správně: Was I not at home? Vysvětlení: Při tvorbě otázky se was klade před podmět.
-
Nesprávně: They were not tired? Správně: Weren’t they tired? Vysvětlení: V otázkách se were nebo weren’t klade před podmět.