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Dil Bilgisi Rehberi

Herkese açık dil bilgisi rehberi yönlendirmesi yerelleştirilmiş içerik için hazır.

A1 Beginner English Dil Bilgisi

“To Be” Fiilinin Geçmiş Zamanı (Past Simple)

Bu nedir?

to be fiilinin geçmiş zaman basit hâlleri was ve were'dir.

was şu öznelerle kullanılır:

  • I
  • he
  • she
  • it

were şu öznelerle kullanılır:

  • you
  • we
  • they

Örnekler:

  • I was tired.
  • She was at home.
  • We were busy.
  • They were happy.

Olumsuz biçimler was not ve were not'tur.

Yaygın kısa biçimler:

  • was not → wasn’t
  • were not → weren’t

Ne zaman kullanılır

to be fiilinin geçmiş zaman basit hâlini şunlardan bahsederken kullanın:

  • geçmiş durumlar: I was tired.
  • geçmiş hisler: She was nervous.
  • geçmiş konumlar: They were at school.
  • geçmiş yaşlar: He was ten years old.
  • geçmiş tanımlamalar: The room was small.
  • geçmiş durumlar: We were very busy.
  • geçmiş tarihler ve saatler: It was Monday.

Yapı

Olumlu cümleler

Özne Biçim Örnek
I was I was at work.
He / She / It was She was happy.
You / We / They were They were at home.

Yapı:

özne + was/were + tümleç

  • He was tired.
  • We were late.

Olumsuz cümleler

Özne Tam biçim Kısa biçim
I / He / She / It was not wasn’t
You / We / They were not weren’t

Yapı:

özne + was not/were not + tümleç

  • I wasn’t hungry.
  • They weren’t ready.

Sorular

Yapı:

Was/Were + özne + tümleç?

  • Was she at home?
  • Were they tired?
  • Were you busy?

Kısa cevaplar

  • Was he late? — Yes, he was.
  • Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
  • Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
  • Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.

Örnekler

  1. I was very tired yesterday.
  2. She was at the office this morning.
  3. He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
  4. It was cold last night.
  5. We were happy with the result.
  6. You were very quiet yesterday.
  7. They weren’t at home.
  8. Was your brother at school?
  9. Were the shops open?
  10. Where were you last weekend?

İstisnalar

I, he, she veya it ile bazı resmî veya gerçek dışı ifadelerde was yerine were kullanılır.

  • If I were you, I would wait.
  • I wish she were here.

Gayriresmî İngilizcede bu ifadelerde bazen was kullanılır, ancak standart biçim were'dir.

Yaygın hatalar

  1. Yanlış: I were tired yesterday. Doğru: I was tired yesterday. Açıklama: I ile was kullanın.

  2. Yanlış: They was at home. Doğru: They were at home. Açıklama: they ile were kullanın.

  3. Yanlış: She didn’t be happy. Doğru: She wasn’t happy. Açıklama: to be fiilinin geçmiş zaman basit hâliyle didn’t kullanmayın.

  4. Yanlış: Did he was at work? Doğru: Was he at work? Açıklama: was veya were ile sorularda did kullanmayın.

  5. Yanlış: We wasn’t ready. Doğru: We weren’t ready. Açıklama: we ile weren’t kullanın.

  6. Yanlış: Were she at school? Doğru: Was she at school? Açıklama: she ile was kullanın.

  7. Yanlış: I was not at home? Doğru: Was I not at home? Açıklama: Soru oluşturmak için was'ı özneden önce getirin.

  8. Yanlış: They were not tired? Doğru: Weren’t they tired? Açıklama: Sorularda were veya weren’t'i özneden önce getirin.