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Граматичен справочник

Маршрутизацията на публичния граматичен справочник е готова за локализирано съдържание.

A1 Beginner English граматика

Минало просто време на „To Be“

Какво е това?

Формите за минало просто време на to be са was и were.

Използвайте was с:

  • I
  • he
  • she
  • it

Използвайте were с:

  • you
  • we
  • they

Примери:

  • I was tired.
  • She was at home.
  • We were busy.
  • They were happy.

Отрицателните форми са was not и were not.

Обичайните кратки форми са:

  • was not → wasn’t
  • were not → weren’t

Кога да се използва

Използвайте минало просто време на to be, за да говорите за:

  • минали състояния: I was tired.
  • минали чувства: She was nervous.
  • минали местоположения: They were at school.
  • минали възрасти: He was ten years old.
  • минали описания: The room was small.
  • минали ситуации: We were very busy.
  • минали дати и часове: It was Monday.

Структура

Положителни изречения

Подлог Форма Пример
I was I was at work.
He / She / It was She was happy.
You / We / They were They were at home.

Структура:

подлог + was/were + допълнение

  • He was tired.
  • We were late.

Отрицателни изречения

Подлог Пълна форма Кратка форма
I / He / She / It was not wasn’t
You / We / They were not weren’t

Структура:

подлог + was not/were not + допълнение

  • I wasn’t hungry.
  • They weren’t ready.

Въпроси

Структура:

Was/Were + подлог + допълнение?

  • Was she at home?
  • Were they tired?
  • Were you busy?

Кратки отговори

  • Was he late? — Yes, he was.
  • Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
  • Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
  • Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.

Примери

  1. I was very tired yesterday.
  2. She was at the office this morning.
  3. He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
  4. It was cold last night.
  5. We were happy with the result.
  6. You were very quiet yesterday.
  7. They weren’t at home.
  8. Was your brother at school?
  9. Were the shops open?
  10. Where were you last weekend?

Изключения

Използвайте were вместо was в някои формални или нереални изрази с I, he, she или it.

  • If I were you, I would wait.
  • I wish she were here.

В неформалния английски was понякога се използва в тези изрази, но were е стандартната форма.

Често срещани грешки

  1. Неправилно: I were tired yesterday. Правилно: I was tired yesterday. Обяснение: Използвайте was с I.

  2. Неправилно: They was at home. Правилно: They were at home. Обяснение: Използвайте were с they.

  3. Неправилно: She didn’t be happy. Правилно: She wasn’t happy. Обяснение: Не използвайте didn’t с минало просто време на to be.

  4. Неправилно: Did he was at work? Правилно: Was he at work? Обяснение: Не използвайте did във въпроси с was или were.

  5. Неправилно: We wasn’t ready. Правилно: We weren’t ready. Обяснение: Използвайте weren’t с we.

  6. Неправилно: Were she at school? Правилно: Was she at school? Обяснение: Използвайте was с she.

  7. Неправилно: I was not at home? Правилно: Was I not at home? Обяснение: Поставете was пред подлога, за да образувате въпрос.

  8. Неправилно: They were not tired? Правилно: Weren’t they tired? Обяснение: При въпроси поставете were или weren’t пред подлога.