Hvad er det?
Datid (Past Simple) bruges til at tale om handlinger, begivenheder og situationer, der startede og sluttede i fortiden.
Eksempler:
- Jeg besøgte min ven i går.
- Hun arbejdede hjemmefra i sidste uge.
- De gik i biografen.
Regelmæssige verber danner normalt datid med -ed.
- work → worked
- play → played
- clean → cleaned
Uregelmæssige verber har særlige datidsformer.
- go → went
- see → saw
- buy → bought
- have → had
Hvornår bruges det
Brug datid (Past Simple) til:
- afsluttede handlinger i fortiden: Jeg færdiggjorde rapporten i går.
- en række afsluttede handlinger: Hun åbnede døren, gik ind og satte sig ned.
- tidligere vaner: Vi legede udenfor hver dag.
- tidligere situationer, der ikke længere er tilfældet: Han boede i London i fem år.
- handlinger på et bestemt tidspunkt i fortiden: De ankom kl. 20.
Almindelige tidsudtryk for fortid omfatter:
- yesterday
- last night
- last week
- two days ago
- in 2020
- when I was a child
Struktur
Sætninger i bekræftende form
For regelmæssige verber bruges:
grundform + -ed
| Subjekt | Verbum | Eksempel |
|---|---|---|
| I | worked | I worked yesterday. |
| She | played | She played tennis. |
| They | visited | They visited us. |
For uregelmæssige verber bruges den særlige datidsform.
| Grundform | Datidsform | Eksempel |
|---|---|---|
| go | went | We went home. |
| see | saw | I saw Anna. |
| buy | bought | He bought a car. |
| take | took | She took the bus. |
Datidsformen er den samme for alle subjekter.
- I worked.
- He worked.
- They worked.
Sætninger i nægtende form
Brug:
subjekt + did not + grundform
Den korte form af did not er didn’t.
- I did not call him.
- She didn’t go to work.
- They didn’t understand the question.
Efter didn’t bruges grundformen af verbet.
Spørgsmål
Brug:
Did + subjekt + grundform?
- Did you call her?
- Did he finish the task?
- Did they arrive on time?
Korte svar
- Did you see him? — Yes, I did.
- Did she call? — No, she didn’t.
- Did they leave? — Yes, they did.
Stavning af regelmæssige verber
| Regel | Grundform | Datidsform |
|---|---|---|
| De fleste verber: tilføj -ed | work | worked |
| Verber, der ender på -e: tilføj -d | live | lived |
| Konsonant + y: skift y til i og tilføj -ed | study | studied |
| Kort trykstærk vokal + konsonant: fordobl den sidste konsonant | stop | stopped |
Eksempler
- I watched a film last night.
- She called me yesterday.
- We visited our grandparents on Sunday.
- He bought a new laptop.
- They didn’t come to the meeting.
- I didn’t understand the question.
- Did you finish your homework?
- Did she take the bus?
- We lived in Calgary for three years.
- He opened the window and turned on the light.
Undtagelser
Verbet to be bruger ikke did i spørgsmål og nægtelser i datid.
- I was tired.
- They were at home.
- She wasn’t ready.
- Were you busy?
Nogle verber er uregelmæssige og bruger ikke -ed.
- come → came
- write → wrote
- make → made
- find → found
Uregelmæssige former skal læres individuelt.
Almindelige fejl
-
Forkert: I goed to work yesterday. Korrekt: I went to work yesterday. Forklaring: Go er uregelmæssigt. Dets datidsform er went.
-
Forkert: She didn’t went home. Korrekt: She didn’t go home. Forklaring: Brug grundformen efter didn’t.
-
Forkert: Did you saw him? Korrekt: Did you see him? Forklaring: Brug grundformen efter did.
-
Forkert: He work yesterday. Korrekt: He worked yesterday. Forklaring: Brug datidsformen for en afsluttet handling i fortiden.
-
Forkert: They was late. Korrekt: They were late. Forklaring: Brug were med they.
-
Forkert: I didn’t called her. Korrekt: I didn’t call her. Forklaring: Brug ikke datidsformen efter didn’t.
-
Forkert: Did she finished the task? Korrekt: Did she finish the task? Forklaring: Brug grundformen efter did.
-
Forkert: We studyed English yesterday. Korrekt: We studied English yesterday. Forklaring: Skift konsonant + y til i, før du tilføjer -ed.