Hvad er det?
Spørgsmål bruges til at bede om information, bekræftelse, tilladelse eller hjælp.
Engelske spørgsmål bruger ofte et hjælpeverbum før subjektet.
Almindelige spørgeord omfatter:
- who
- what
- where
- when
- why
- which
- how
Eksempler:
- Do you work here?
- Is she at home?
- Where do they live?
- Why are you tired?
Hvornår skal det bruges
Brug ja/nej-spørgsmål, når svaret kan være ja eller nej.
- Do you like coffee?
- Is he ready?
- Can they come?
Brug spørgeordsspørgsmål, når du har brug for specifik information.
- What do you want?
- Where does she work?
- When are they leaving?
- Why did he call?
- How can I help?
Brug spørgsmål til at spørge om:
- personer: Who is that?
- ting: What is this?
- steder: Where do you live?
- tid: When does the meeting start?
- årsager: Why are you late?
- valgmuligheder: Which colour do you prefer?
- metoder eller tilstande: How do you make this?
Struktur
Spørgsmål med to be
Brug:
am/is/are + subjekt + subjektskomplement?
| Udsagn | Spørgsmål |
|---|---|
| She is tired. | Is she tired? |
| They are ready. | Are they ready? |
| I am late. | Am I late? |
Til fortidsspørgsmål skal du bruge was eller were.
- Was he at work?
- Were they busy?
Spørgsmål med andre verber
Brug do eller does i nutid (Present Simple).
do/does + subjekt + grundform?
| Subjekt | Hjælpeverbum | Eksempel |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | do | Do they live here? |
| he / she / it | does | Does she work here? |
Brug did i datid (Past Simple).
did + subjekt + grundform?
- Did you call her?
- Did he finish the task?
Spørgsmål med modale verber
Sæt det modale verbum før subjektet.
modalt verbum + subjekt + grundform?
- Can you swim?
- Could she help us?
- Should we leave?
- Will they come?
Spørgeordsspørgsmål
Sæt spørgeordet før hjælpeverbet.
spørgeord + hjælpeverbum + subjekt + hovedverbum?
- Where do you work?
- What does she need?
- Why did they leave?
- When will he arrive?
Med to be skal du bruge:
spørgeord + am/is/are/was/were + subjekt?
- Where is she?
- Why are they angry?
- When was the meeting?
Subjektsspørgsmål
Når who eller what er subjekt, skal du ikke bruge do, does eller did.
- Who called you?
- What happened?
- Who lives here?
Sammenlign:
- Who called Anna? — spørger om den person, der ringede
- Who did Anna call? — spørger om den person, Anna ringede til
Eksempler
- Do you speak English?
- Does your brother live nearby?
- Did they arrive on time?
- Is she at work today?
- Were you tired yesterday?
- Can you help me?
- Where do your parents live?
- Why did he leave early?
- What are you doing?
- Who opened the window?
Undtagelser
Brug ikke do, does eller did med to be.
- Korrekt: Is she ready?
- Forkert: Does she be ready?
Brug ikke do, does eller did med modale verber.
- Korrekt: Can he drive?
- Forkert: Does he can drive?
Når et spørgeord er subjekt, bruges normal subjekt-spørgeord-rækkefølge.
- Who knows the answer?
- What caused the problem?
Nogle spørgsmål kan have en udsagnslignende form i uformel tale, når taleren er overrasket eller tjekker information.
- You finished already?
- She lives here?
Disse former er almindelige i samtale, men mindre velegnede i formel skrivning.
Almindelige fejl
-
Forkert: You like coffee? Korrekt: Do you like coffee? Forklaring: Brug do til at danne et nutidsspørgsmål (Present Simple).
-
Forkert: Does she works here? Korrekt: Does she work here? Forklaring: Brug grundformen efter does.
-
Forkert: Did he went home? Korrekt: Did he go home? Forklaring: Brug grundformen efter did.
-
Forkert: Do they are ready? Korrekt: Are they ready? Forklaring: Brug ikke do med verbet to be.
-
Forkert: Where she lives? Korrekt: Where does she live? Forklaring: Sæt does før subjektet i et nutidsspørgsmål (Present Simple).
-
Forkert: Why you are late? Korrekt: Why are you late? Forklaring: Sæt are før subjektet.
-
Forkert: Does he can swim? Korrekt: Can he swim? Forklaring: Sæt det modale verbum før subjektet uden does.
-
Forkert: Who did call you? Korrekt: Who called you? Forklaring: Brug ikke did, når who er subjekt.