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Nyelvtani útmutató

A nyilvános nyelvtani útmutató útvonalai készen állnak a lokalizált tartalomra.

A1 Beginner English nyelvtan

A „To Be” múlt ideje (Past Simple)

Mi ez?

A to be ige múlt idejű alakjai a was és a were.

A was-t használjuk a következőkkel:

  • I
  • he
  • she
  • it

A were-t használjuk a következőkkel:

  • you
  • we
  • they

Példák:

  • I was tired.
  • She was at home.
  • We were busy.
  • They were happy.

A tagadó alakok: was not és were not.

A gyakori rövid alakok:

  • was not → wasn’t
  • were not → weren’t

Mikor használjuk

A to be múlt idejét használjuk a következők kifejezésére:

  • múltbeli állapotok: I was tired.
  • múltbeli érzések: She was nervous.
  • múltbeli helyszínek: They were at school.
  • múltbeli életkor: He was ten years old.
  • múltbeli leírások: The room was small.
  • múltbeli helyzetek: We were very busy.
  • múltbeli dátumok és időpontok: It was Monday.

Szerkezet

Pozitív mondatok

Alany Alak Példa
I was I was at work.
He / She / It was She was happy.
You / We / They were They were at home.

Szerkezet:

alany + was/were + kiegészítés

  • He was tired.
  • We were late.

Tagadó mondatok

Alany Teljes alak Rövid alak
I / He / She / It was not wasn’t
You / We / They were not weren’t

Szerkezet:

alany + was not/were not + kiegészítés

  • I wasn’t hungry.
  • They weren’t ready.

Kérdések

Szerkezet:

Was/Were + alany + kiegészítés?

  • Was she at home?
  • Were they tired?
  • Were you busy?

Rövid válaszok

  • Was he late? — Yes, he was.
  • Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
  • Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
  • Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.

Példák

  1. I was very tired yesterday.
  2. She was at the office this morning.
  3. He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
  4. It was cold last night.
  5. We were happy with the result.
  6. You were very quiet yesterday.
  7. They weren’t at home.
  8. Was your brother at school?
  9. Were the shops open?
  10. Where were you last weekend?

Kivételek

A were-t használjuk a was helyett néhány formális vagy irreális kifejezésben az I, he, she vagy it névmásokkal.

  • If I were you, I would wait.
  • I wish she were here.

Informális angolban néha a was-t használják ezekben a kifejezésekben, de a were a standard forma.

Gyakori hibák

  1. Helytelen: I were tired yesterday. Helyes: I was tired yesterday. Magyarázat: Az I-vel a was-t használjuk.

  2. Helytelen: They was at home. Helyes: They were at home. Magyarázat: A they-vel a were-t használjuk.

  3. Helytelen: She didn’t be happy. Helyes: She wasn’t happy. Magyarázat: Ne használjuk a didn’t-et a to be múlt idejével.

  4. Helytelen: Did he was at work? Helyes: Was he at work? Magyarázat: Ne használjuk a did-et a was vagy were kérdésekben.

  5. Helytelen: We wasn’t ready. Helyes: We weren’t ready. Magyarázat: A we-vel a weren’t-et használjuk.

  6. Helytelen: Were she at school? Helyes: Was she at school? Magyarázat: A she-vel a was-t használjuk.

  7. Helytelen: I was not at home? Helyes: Was I not at home? Magyarázat: A kérdéshez a was-t az alany elé tesszük.

  8. Helytelen: They were not tired? Helyes: Weren’t they tired? Magyarázat: Kérdésekben a were vagy weren’t az alany elé kerül.