Vad är det?
Be going to används för att prata om framtida planer, avsikter och förutsägelser baserade på nuvarande bevis.
Det bildas med rätt form av be, följt av going to och grundformen av ett verb.
- I am going to travel next month.
- She is going to study tonight.
- They are going to move soon.
Formen av be ändras beroende på subjektet.
När man använder det
Använd be going to för en framtida plan eller avsikt som redan har bestämts.
- I am going to call my mother tonight.
- We are going to buy a new table.
- He is going to start a new job.
Använd be going to för en förutsägelse baserad på något du kan se eller veta nu.
- Look at those clouds. It is going to rain.
- That glass is going to fall.
- She studied very hard. She is going to pass the test.
Använd vanligtvis inte going to för ett beslut som fattas i talets ögonblick. Will är vanligare för sådana beslut.
- The phone is ringing. I will answer it.
Struktur
Bekräftande meningar
Använd:
subject + am/is/are + going to + base verb
| Subjekt | Be | Going to | Grundverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | going to | work |
| he, she, it | is | going to | work |
| you, we, they | are | going to | work |
- I am going to cook dinner.
- She is going to visit her friend.
- We are going to watch a film.
Vanliga sammandragningar är:
- I am → I’m
- he is → he’s
- she is → she’s
- it is → it’s
- you are → you’re
- we are → we’re
- they are → they’re
Negativa meningar
Använd:
subject + am/is/are + not + going to + base verb
- I am not going to stay long.
- He is not going to drive.
- They are not going to come.
Vanliga negativa sammandragningar är:
- is not → isn’t
- are not → aren’t
Det finns ingen standardsammandragning för am not.
Frågor
Använd:
am/is/are + subject + going to + base verb?
- Are you going to study tonight?
- Is she going to join us?
- Are they going to travel this year?
Korta svar använder verbet be.
- Yes, I am.
- No, she isn’t.
- Yes, they are.
Frågeord
Använd:
question word + am/is/are + subject + going to + base verb?
- What are you going to cook?
- Where is he going to stay?
- When are they going to leave?
Huvudverbet ”go”
Verbet efter going to kan också vara go.
- We are going to go shopping.
- She is going to go home.
I informellt engelska undviker talare ofta att upprepa going to go när destinationen är tydlig.
- We are going shopping.
- She is going home.
Exempel
- I am going to clean the kitchen tonight.
- She is going to learn Spanish.
- We are going to visit our family this weekend.
- He is not going to sell his car.
- They are not going to stay at the hotel.
- Are you going to cook dinner?
- What are you going to wear?
- Look at the sky. It is going to snow.
- Be careful! You are going to drop that box.
- The team is going to win because it is playing very well.
Undantag
Going to beskriver normalt framtida tid, men verbet be måste fortfarande överensstämma med subjektet.
- I am going to work.
- She is going to work.
- They are going to work.
Vissa verb används inte vanligtvis i pågående former, men de kan fortfarande följa going to i sin grundform.
- I am going to know the answer soon.
- She is going to understand the problem.
I informellt tal uttalas going to ofta som gonna, men gonna undviks vanligtvis i formellt skrift.
- Informellt tal: I’m gonna call him.
- Standardskrivning: I’m going to call him.
Vanliga misstag
-
Fel: I going to study tonight. Rätt: I am going to study tonight. Förklaring: Använd rätt form av be före going to.
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Fel: She are going to travel. Rätt: She is going to travel. Förklaring: Använd is med she.
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Fel: They is going to buy a house. Rätt: They are going to buy a house. Förklaring: Använd are med they.
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Fel: He is going to studies tonight. Rätt: He is going to study tonight. Förklaring: Använd grundformen av verbet efter going to.
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Fel: Are going to you call her? Rätt: Are you going to call her? Förklaring: Sätt subjektet efter am, is eller are i frågor.
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Fel: She not is going to come. Rätt: She is not going to come. Förklaring: Sätt not efter verbet be.
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Fel: Do you going to work tomorrow? Rätt: Are you going to work tomorrow? Förklaring: Använd am, is eller are, inte do, för att bilda frågor.
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Fel: I am going to will call him. Rätt: I am going to call him. Förklaring: Använd inte will efter going to.