VocabStorage
무료로 시작
로그인 무료로 시작

문법 가이드

공개 문법 가이드 라우팅이 현지화된 콘텐츠를 받을 준비가 되었습니다.

A1 Beginner English 문법

"To Be"의 과거형

무엇인가요?

to be의 과거형은 was와 were입니다.

was는 다음 주어와 함께 사용합니다:

  • I
  • he
  • she
  • it

were는 다음 주어와 함께 사용합니다:

  • you
  • we
  • they

예문:

  • I was tired.
  • She was at home.
  • We were busy.
  • They were happy.

부정형은 was not과 were not입니다.

일반적인 축약형은 다음과 같습니다:

  • was not → wasn’t
  • were not → weren’t

언제 사용하나요?

to be의 과거형은 다음을 말할 때 사용합니다:

  • 과거의 상태: I was tired.
  • 과거의 감정: She was nervous.
  • 과거의 위치: They were at school.
  • 과거의 나이: He was ten years old.
  • 과거의 묘사: The room was small.
  • 과거의 상황: We were very busy.
  • 과거의 날짜와 시간: It was Monday.

구조

긍정문

주어 형태 예문
I was I was at work.
He / She / It was She was happy.
You / We / They were They were at home.

구조:

주어 + was/were + 보어

  • He was tired.
  • We were late.

부정문

주어 전체형 축약형
I / He / She / It was not wasn’t
You / We / They were not weren’t

구조:

주어 + was not/were not + 보어

  • I wasn’t hungry.
  • They weren’t ready.

의문문

구조:

Was/Were + 주어 + 보어?

  • Was she at home?
  • Were they tired?
  • Were you busy?

짧은 대답

  • Was he late? — Yes, he was.
  • Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
  • Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
  • Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.

예문

  1. I was very tired yesterday.
  2. She was at the office this morning.
  3. He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
  4. It was cold last night.
  5. We were happy with the result.
  6. You were very quiet yesterday.
  7. They weren’t at home.
  8. Was your brother at school?
  9. Were the shops open?
  10. Where were you last weekend?

예외

I, he, she, it과 함께 쓰는 일부 격식 있는 표현이나 비현실적인 표현에서는 was 대신 were를 사용합니다.

  • If I were you, I would wait.
  • I wish she were here.

비격식 영어에서는 이러한 표현에 was를 사용하기도 하지만, were가 표준형입니다.

흔한 오류

  1. 틀림: I were tired yesterday. 맞음: I was tired yesterday. 설명: I와 함께 was를 사용합니다.

  2. 틀림: They was at home. 맞음: They were at home. 설명: they와 함께 were를 사용합니다.

  3. 틀림: She didn’t be happy. 맞음: She wasn’t happy. 설명: to be의 과거형과 함께 didn’t를 사용하지 않습니다.

  4. 틀림: Did he was at work? 맞음: Was he at work? 설명: was나 were가 있는 의문문에서는 did를 사용하지 않습니다.

  5. 틀림: We wasn’t ready. 맞음: We weren’t ready. 설명: we와 함께 weren’t를 사용합니다.

  6. 틀림: Were she at school? 맞음: Was she at school? 설명: she와 함께 was를 사용합니다.

  7. 틀림: I was not at home? 맞음: Was I not at home? 설명: 의문문을 만들 때 was를 주어 앞에 둡니다.

  8. 틀림: They were not tired? 맞음: Weren’t they tired? 설명: 의문문에서는 were 또는 weren’t를 주어 앞에 둡니다.