گرامر گائیڈ

یہ کیا ہے؟

to be کے ماضی سادہ (past simple) کی صورتیں was اور were ہیں۔

was استعمال کریں:

• I
• he
• she
• it

were استعمال کریں:

• you
• we
• they

مثالیں:

• I was tired.
• She was at home.
• We were busy.
• They were happy.

منفی صورتیں was not اور were not ہیں۔

عام مختصر صورتیں:

• was not → wasn’t
• were not → weren’t

کب استعمال کریں

to be کا ماضی سادہ (past simple) ان کے لیے استعمال کریں:

• ماضی کی حالتیں: I was tired.
• ماضی کے جذبات: She was nervous.
• ماضی کے مقامات: They were at school.
• ماضی کی عمریں: He was ten years old.
• ماضی کی تفصیل: The room was small.
• ماضی کے حالات: We were very busy.
• ماضی کی تاریخیں اور اوقات: It was Monday.

ساخت

مثبت جملے

ساخت:

فاعل + was/were + تکملہ

• He was tired.
• We were late.

منفی جملے

ساخت:

فاعل + was not/were not + تکملہ

• I wasn’t hungry.
• They weren’t ready.

سوالیہ جملے

ساخت:

Was/Were + فاعل + تکملہ؟

• Was she at home?
• Were they tired?
• Were you busy?

مختصر جوابات

• Was he late? — Yes, he was.
• Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
• Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
• Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.

مثالیں

1. I was very tired yesterday.
2. She was at the office this morning.
3. He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
4. It was cold last night.
5. We were happy with the result.
6. You were very quiet yesterday.
7. They weren’t at home.
8. Was your brother at school?
9. Were the shops open?
10. Where were you last weekend?

مستثنیات

کچھ رسمی یا غیر حقیقی اظہار میں I، he، she، یا it کے ساتھ was کی بجائے were استعمال کریں۔

• If I were you, I would wait.
• I wish she were here.

غیر رسمی انگریزی میں، ان اظہار میں کبھی کبھی was استعمال ہوتا ہے، لیکن were معیاری شکل ہے۔

عام غلطیاں

1. غلط: I were tired yesterday. درست: I was tired yesterday. وضاحت: I کے ساتھ was استعمال کریں۔

2. غلط: They was at home. درست: They were at home. وضاحت: they کے ساتھ were استعمال کریں۔

3. غلط: She didn’t be happy. درست: She wasn’t happy. وضاحت: to be کے ماضی سادہ کے ساتھ didn’t استعمال نہ کریں۔

4. غلط: Did he was at work? درست: Was he at work? وضاحت: was یا were کے ساتھ سوالات میں did استعمال نہ کریں۔

5. غلط: We wasn’t ready. درست: We weren’t ready. وضاحت: we کے ساتھ weren’t استعمال کریں۔

6. غلط: Were she at school? درست: Was she at school? وضاحت: she کے ساتھ was استعمال کریں۔

7. غلط: I was not at home? درست: Was I not at home? وضاحت: سوال بنانے کے لیے was کو فاعل سے پہلے رکھیں۔

8. غلط: They were not tired? درست: Weren’t they tired? وضاحت: سوالات میں were یا weren’t کو فاعل سے پہلے رکھیں۔