Hvað er það?
Spurningar eru notaðar til að biðja um upplýsingar, staðfestingu, leyfi eða hjálp.
Enskar spurningar nota oft hjálparsögn á undan frumlaginu.
Algeng spurnarorð eru:
- who
- what
- where
- when
- why
- which
- how
Dæmi:
- Do you work here?
- Is she at home?
- Where do they live?
- Why are you tired?
Hvenær á að nota
Notaðu já/nei-spurningar þegar svarið getur verið já eða nei.
- Do you like coffee?
- Is he ready?
- Can they come?
Notaðu spurnarorðsspurningar þegar þú þarft sérstakar upplýsingar.
- What do you want?
- Where does she work?
- When are they leaving?
- Why did he call?
- How can I help?
Notaðu spurningar til að spyrja um:
- fólk: Who is that?
- hluti: What is this?
- staði: Where do you live?
- tíma: When does the meeting start?
- ástæður: Why are you late?
- valkosti: Which colour do you prefer?
- aðferðir eða aðstæður: How do you make this?
Uppbygging
Spurningar með to be
Notaðu:
am/is/are + frumlag + fylliliður?
| Fullyrðing | Spurning |
|---|---|
| She is tired. | Is she tired? |
| They are ready. | Are they ready? |
| I am late. | Am I late? |
Fyrir þátíðarspurningar skaltu nota was eða were.
- Was he at work?
- Were they busy?
Spurningar með öðrum sögnum
Notaðu do eða does í nútíð (Present Simple).
do/does + frumlag + grunnsögn?
| Frumlag | Hjálparsögn | Dæmi |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | do | Do they live here? |
| he / she / it | does | Does she work here? |
Notaðu did í þátíð (Past Simple).
did + frumlag + grunnsögn?
- Did you call her?
- Did he finish the task?
Spurningar með hjálparsögnum (modal verbs)
Settu hjálparsögnina á undan frumlaginu.
hjálparsögn + frumlag + grunnsögn?
- Can you swim?
- Could she help us?
- Should we leave?
- Will they come?
Spurnarorðsspurningar
Settu spurnarorðið á undan hjálparsögninni.
spurnarorð + hjálparsögn + frumlag + aðalsögn?
- Where do you work?
- What does she need?
- Why did they leave?
- When will he arrive?
Með to be skaltu nota:
spurnarorð + am/is/are/was/were + frumlag?
- Where is she?
- Why are they angry?
- When was the meeting?
Frumlagsspurningar
Þegar who eða what er frumlag, ekki nota do, does eða did.
- Who called you?
- What happened?
- Who lives here?
Berið saman:
- Who called Anna? — spyr um þann sem hringdi
- Who did Anna call? — spyr um þann sem Anna hringdi til
Dæmi
- Do you speak English?
- Does your brother live nearby?
- Did they arrive on time?
- Is she at work today?
- Were you tired yesterday?
- Can you help me?
- Where do your parents live?
- Why did he leave early?
- What are you doing?
- Who opened the window?
Undantekningar
Ekki nota do, does eða did með to be.
- Rétt: Is she ready?
- Rangt: Does she be ready?
Ekki nota do, does eða did með hjálparsögnum (modal verbs).
- Rétt: Can he drive?
- Rangt: Does he can drive?
Þegar spurnarorð er frumlag, er venjuleg orðaröð frumlags og spurnarorðs notuð.
- Who knows the answer?
- What caused the problem?
Sumar spurningar geta haft fullyrðingarlíkt form í óformlegu tali þegar ræðumaður er hissa eða staðfestir upplýsingar.
- You finished already?
- She lives here?
Þessi form eru algeng í samtölum en eru síður viðeigandi í formlegu skriflegu máli.
Algeng mistök
-
Rangt: You like coffee? Rétt: Do you like coffee? Skýring: Notaðu do til að mynda nútíðarspurningu.
-
Rangt: Does she works here? Rétt: Does she work here? Skýring: Notaðu grunnsögnina á eftir does.
-
Rangt: Did he went home? Rétt: Did he go home? Skýring: Notaðu grunnsögnina á eftir did.
-
Rangt: Do they are ready? Rétt: Are they ready? Skýring: Ekki nota do með sögninni to be.
-
Rangt: Where she lives? Rétt: Where does she live? Skýring: Settu does á undan frumlaginu í nútíðarspurningu.
-
Rangt: Why you are late? Rétt: Why are you late? Skýring: Settu are á undan frumlaginu.
-
Rangt: Does he can swim? Rétt: Can he swim? Skýring: Settu hjálparsögnina á undan frumlaginu án does.
-
Rangt: Who did call you? Rétt: Who called you? Skýring: Ekki nota did þegar who er frumlag.