Vodič za gramatiku

Što je to?

Prilozi učestalosti pokazuju koliko često se neka radnja događa.

Uobičajeni prilozi učestalosti uključuju:

• always — svaki put
• usually — većinu vremena
• often — mnogo puta
• sometimes — u nekim prilikama
• rarely — ne često
• hardly ever — gotovo nikad
• never — ni u jednom trenutku

Te riječi opisuju učestalost bez navođenja točnog broja.

Kada se koriste

Prilozi učestalosti koriste se za govor o navikama, rutinama i ponavljajućim radnjama.

• I usually drink coffee in the morning.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

Često se upotrebljavaju s Present Simple jer to vrijeme opisuje redovite radnje i navike.

Neki izrazi daju točniju učestalost:

• every day
• once a week
• twice a month
• three times a year

Ti izrazi obično dolaze na početku ili na kraju rečenice.

• I exercise three times a week.
• Every Friday, we order pizza.

Struktura

S većinom glagola

Prilog učestalosti stavlja se prije glavnog glagola.

subjekt + prilog učestalosti + glavni glagol

• We sometimes play tennis.
• He rarely drives at night.

S glagolom “be”

Prilog učestalosti stavlja se iza glagola be.

subjekt + be + prilog učestalosti

• He is never late.
• We are usually at home on Sundays.

S pomoćnim i modalnim glagolima

Prilog se stavlja iza prvog pomoćnog ili modalnog glagola.

subjekt + pomoćni ili modalni glagol + prilog + glavni glagol

• She can always help you.
• I have never seen that film.
• They do not usually work on weekends.
• He will often call in the evening.

Sometimes, usually, and often

Sometimes, usually i often također mogu stajati na početku rečenice.

• Sometimes, I walk to work.
• Usually, we eat dinner at home.
• Often, she reads before bed.

Sometimes također može stajati na kraju.

• I cook dinner sometimes.

Never

Never već ima negativno značenje. Nemojte ga upotrebljavati s not.

• I never smoke.
• She is never rude.

Primjeri

1. I always check my email in the morning.
2. She usually takes the bus to work.
3. We often cook dinner together.
4. He sometimes forgets his keys.
5. They rarely go to restaurants.
6. My parents hardly ever travel in winter.
7. I never drink coffee at night.
8. She is always friendly to customers.
9. We are usually busy on Mondays.
10. He can often solve difficult problems.

Iznimke

Neki izrazi učestalosti ne slijede uobičajen položaj priloga.

Izrazi kao što su every day, once a week i three times a month obično dolaze na početku ili na kraju rečenice.

• I call my parents once a week.
• Every morning, she goes for a walk.

Prilog sometimes može doći prije glavnog glagola, na početku ili na kraju rečenice.

• I sometimes work from home.
• Sometimes, I work from home.
• I work from home sometimes.

Uobičajene pogreške

1. Incorrect: I go always to work by bus. Correct: I always go to work by bus. Explanation: Stavite prilog prije glavnog glagola.

2. Incorrect: She always is tired. Correct: She is always tired. Explanation: Stavite prilog iza glagola be.

3. Incorrect: He does never eat breakfast. Correct: He never eats breakfast. Explanation: Never već ima negativno značenje, pa nemojte upotrebljavati does kao negativni pomoćni glagol.

4. Incorrect: They don't never arrive late. Correct: They never arrive late. Explanation: Nemojte upotrebljavati not i never zajedno.

5. Incorrect: I am drink usually coffee. Correct: I usually drink coffee. Explanation: Nemojte upotrebljavati am ispred glavnog glagola u Present Simple.

6. Incorrect: She can drive always safely. Correct: She can always drive safely. Explanation: Stavite prilog iza modalnog glagola can.

7. Incorrect: We go to the gym often every day. Correct: We go to the gym every day. Explanation: Izbjegavajte upotrebu dvaju izraza učestalosti kada je dovoljan jedan.

8. Incorrect: He never is late. Correct: He is never late. Explanation: S glagolom be, stavite prilog iza glagola.