Apa itu?
How much dan how many digunakan untuk menanyakan tentang jumlah.
Gunakan how much dengan kata benda tak terhitung. Kata benda tak terhitung menggambarkan hal-hal yang biasanya tidak dihitung sebagai item individual yang terpisah.
- How much water do you drink?
- How much time do we have?
Gunakan how many dengan kata benda jamak yang dapat dihitung. Kata benda yang dapat dihitung dapat dihitung sebagai item yang terpisah.
- How many books do you own?
- How many people are coming?
Very digunakan sebelum kata sifat atau kata keterangan untuk membuat maknanya lebih kuat. Artinya "sangat".
- The coffee is very hot.
- She speaks very slowly.
Kapan menggunakannya
Gunakan how much untuk menanyakan tentang jumlah sesuatu yang tidak dapat dihitung.
Kata benda tak terhitung yang umum meliputi:
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water
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milk
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money
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time
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information
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rice
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sugar
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work
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How much money do you need?
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How much rice should I cook?
Gunakan how many untuk menanyakan tentang jumlah benda yang dapat dihitung.
- How many chairs are in the room?
- How many emails did you receive?
Gunakan how much untuk menanyakan tentang harga sesuatu.
- How much is this jacket?
- How much are those shoes?
Gunakan very untuk memperkuat kata sifat.
- The room is very cold.
- That film was very interesting.
Gunakan very untuk memperkuat kata keterangan.
- He drives very carefully.
- She finished very quickly.
Struktur
Pertanyaan dengan how much
Gunakan:
how much + kata benda tak terhitung + kata kerja bantu + subjek + kata kerja utama?
| How much | Kata benda tak terhitung | Kata kerja bantu | Subjek | Kata kerja utama |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How much | water | do | you | drink? |
| How much | money | does | she | need? |
| How much | time | did | they | spend? |
Dengan kata kerja be, gunakan:
how much + kata benda tak terhitung + is/was + pelengkap?
- How much milk is in the fridge?
- How much time was available?
Untuk menanyakan harga, gunakan:
how much + is/are + kata benda?
- How much is the ticket?
- How much are these bags?
Pertanyaan dengan how many
Gunakan:
how many + kata benda jamak yang dapat dihitung + kata kerja bantu + subjek + kata kerja utama?
| How many | Kata benda jamak | Kata kerja bantu | Subjek | Kata kerja utama |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How many | languages | do | you | speak? |
| How many | cars | does | he | own? |
| How many | photos | did | she | take? |
Dengan kata kerja be, gunakan:
how many + kata benda jamak yang dapat dihitung + are/were + pelengkap?
- How many students are in the class?
- How many people were at the meeting?
Pernyataan dengan much dan many
Much dan many umum digunakan dalam kalimat negatif dan pertanyaan.
- We do not have much time.
- She does not have many friends.
- Do you drink much coffee?
- Are there many shops nearby?
Dalam kalimat afirmatif, a lot of seringkali lebih natural.
- We have a lot of time.
- She has a lot of friends.
Kalimat dengan very
Gunakan:
very + kata sifat
- very cold
- very expensive
- very tired
Gunakan:
very + kata keterangan
- very slowly
- very carefully
- very well
Dalam kalimat lengkap:
subjek + kata kerja + very + kata sifat/kata keterangan
- The test was very difficult.
- He answered very politely.
Biasanya tidak menggunakan very langsung sebelum kata benda.
- a very interesting book
- not a very book
Contoh
- How much water do you drink every day?
- How much money did the trip cost?
- How much is this blue shirt?
- How many brothers do you have?
- How many people work in this office?
- How many apples should we buy?
- This bag is very heavy.
- She is very happy with her new job.
- He speaks English very well.
- The children walked very slowly.
Pengecualian
Beberapa kata benda dapat bersifat dapat dihitung atau tak terhitung tergantung pada maknanya.
- How much coffee do you drink?
- How many coffees did you order?
Pada kalimat pertama, coffee berarti minuman secara umum. Pada kalimat kedua, coffees berarti cangkir atau porsi terpisah.
Biasanya tidak menggunakan very dengan kata sifat yang sudah menyatakan makna ekstrem.
Alih-alih very excellent, gunakan excellent.
Alih-alih very impossible, gunakan impossible.
Beberapa kata sifat ekstrem dapat diperkuat dengan kata-kata seperti absolutely atau completely.
- absolutely impossible
- completely empty
Kesalahan umum
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Salah: How many water do you drink? Benar: How much water do you drink? Penjelasan: Water adalah kata benda tak terhitung, jadi gunakan how much.
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Salah: How much books do you have? Benar: How many books do you have? Penjelasan: Books adalah kata benda jamak yang dapat dihitung, jadi gunakan how many.
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Salah: How many money do you need? Benar: How much money do you need? Penjelasan: Money tidak terhitung dalam bahasa Inggris.
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Salah: How much apples are there? Benar: How many apples are there? Penjelasan: Gunakan how many dengan kata benda jamak yang dapat dihitung.
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Salah: How much is these shoes? Benar: How much are these shoes? Penjelasan: Gunakan are karena shoes adalah jamak.
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Salah: She is very a friendly person. Benar: She is a very friendly person. Penjelasan: Tempatkan very sebelum kata sifat, bukan sebelum artikel.
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Salah: He drives very careful. Benar: He drives very carefully. Penjelasan: Gunakan kata keterangan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana seseorang mengemudi.
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Salah: I have much friends. Benar: I have many friends. Penjelasan: Gunakan many dengan kata benda jamak yang dapat dihitung.