Gramatikos gidas

Kas tai?

Aukštesniojo laipsnio būdvardžiai (comparative adjectives) naudojami dviem žmonėms, daiktams, vietoms ar situacijoms palyginti.

Jie parodo, kad vienas asmuo ar daiktas turi daugiau ar mažiau kokios nors savybės nei kitas.

Dažnos aukštesniojo laipsnio formos:

Žodis than dažnai vartojamas po aukštesniojo laipsnio būdvardžio.

Tom is taller than Ben.

Kada vartoti

Vartokite aukštesniojo laipsnio būdvardžius, kai lyginate du žmones ar daiktus.

• This car is faster than that car.
• My room is smaller than yours.

Vartokite juos, kai lyginate dvi vietas.

• Calgary is colder than Vancouver.

Vartokite juos, kai lyginate dvi situacijas.

• Today is busier than yesterday.

Vartokite more + adjective su daugeliu ilgesnių būdvardžių.

• This book is more interesting than that one.

Vartokite less + adjective, kad parodytumėte mažesnį savybės laipsnį.

• This restaurant is less expensive than the other one.

Struktūra

Prie daugelio trumpų būdvardžių pridėkite -er.

Subject + be + adjective-er + than + noun/pronoun

• tall → taller
• fast → faster
• old → older

Pavyzdys:

Anna is taller than Maria.

Jei būdvardis baigiasi -e, pridėkite tik -r.

• nice → nicer
• large → larger

Jei trumpas būdvardis baigiasi vienu balsiu + vienu priebalsiu, galutinis priebalsis dažnai padvigubinamas.

• big → bigger
• hot → hotter

Jei būdvardis baigiasi priebalsiu + -y, pakeiskite y į i ir pridėkite -er.

• happy → happier
• easy → easier

Su daugeliu ilgesnių būdvardžių vartokite more.

Subject + be + more + adjective + than + noun/pronoun

• more beautiful
• more comfortable
• more important

Pavyzdys:

This chair is more comfortable than that one.

Norėdami parodyti mažesnį laipsnį, vartokite less.

Subject + be + less + adjective + than + noun/pronoun

Pavyzdys:

This task is less difficult than the last one.

Kai kurie dažni būdvardžiai turi netaisyklingas aukštesniojo laipsnio formas.

Pavyzdžiai

1. My brother is taller than me.
2. This bag is cheaper than that one.
3. Today is hotter than yesterday.
4. Her new apartment is bigger than her old one.
5. This exercise is easier than the previous one.
6. The blue jacket is more expensive than the black one.
7. This movie is more interesting than the first one.
8. My English is better than last year.
9. The traffic is worse this morning.
10. This route is less dangerous than the other route.

Išimtys

Kai kurie būdvardžiai turi netaisyklingas aukštesniojo laipsnio formas ir nevartoja įprasto -er ar more modelio.

• good → better
• bad → worse
• far → farther / further

Paprastai nevartokite more ir -er kartu.

Vartokite:

taller

ne:

more taller

Kai kurie dviejų skiemenų būdvardžiai gali vartoti abi formas priklausomai nuo būdvardžio ir vartosenos.

Pavyzdžiui:

• cleverer / more clever
• quieter / more quiet

Dažnos klaidos

1. Incorrect: She is more taller than me. Correct: She is taller than me. Explanation: Do not use both more and -er with the same adjective.

2. Incorrect: This book is interestinger than that one. Correct: This book is more interesting than that one. Explanation: Longer adjectives usually use more instead of -er.

3. Incorrect: My car is fast than yours. Correct: My car is faster than yours. Explanation: Use the comparative form when comparing two things.

4. Incorrect: He is more good at tennis than me. Correct: He is better at tennis than me. Explanation: The comparative form of good is better.

5. Incorrect: Today is badder than yesterday. Correct: Today is worse than yesterday. Explanation: The comparative form of bad is worse.

6. Incorrect: This box is biger than that one. Correct: This box is bigger than that one. Explanation: Double the final consonant in big before adding -er.

7. Incorrect: This test is easyer than the last one. Correct: This test is easier than the last one. Explanation: With adjectives ending in consonant + y, change y to i before adding -er.