Gramatikos gidas

Kas tai?

Past Simple vartojamas kalbant apie veiksmus, įvykius ir situacijas, kurie prasidėjo ir baigėsi praeityje.

Pavyzdžiai:

• I visited my friend yesterday.
• She worked from home last week.
• They went to the cinema.

Taisyklingieji veiksmažodžiai paprastai sudaro Past Simple su -ed.

• work → worked
• play → played
• clean → cleaned

Netaisyklingieji veiksmažodžiai turi specialias praeities formas.

• go → went
• see → saw
• buy → bought
• have → had

Kada vartoti

Past Simple vartojamas:

• baigtiems veiksmams praeityje: I finished the report yesterday.
• nuosekliems baigtiems veiksmams: She opened the door, walked inside, and sat down.
• praeities įpročiams: We played outside every day.
• praeities situacijoms, kurios nebėra teisingos: He lived in London for five years.
• veiksmams konkrečiu praeities laiku: They arrived at 8 p.m.

Dažni praeities laiko žymekliai:

• yesterday
• last night
• last week
• two days ago
• in 2020
• when I was a child

Sandara

Teigiami sakiniai

Taisyklingiesiems veiksmažodžiams vartojama:

subject + verb-ed

Netaisyklingiesiems veiksmažodžiams vartojama speciali praeities forma.

Praeities forma yra vienoda visiems asmenims.

• I worked.
• He worked.
• They worked.

Neigiami sakiniai

Vartojama:

subject + did not + base verb

Trumpoji did not forma yra didn’t.

• I did not call him.
• She didn’t go to work.
• They didn’t understand the question.

Po didn’t vartojama pagrindinė veiksmažodžio forma.

Klausimai

Vartojama:

Did + subject + base verb?

• Did you call her?
• Did he finish the task?
• Did they arrive on time?

Trumpi atsakymai

• Did you see him? — Yes, I did.
• Did she call? — No, she didn’t.
• Did they leave? — Yes, they did.

Taisyklingųjų veiksmažodžių rašyba

Pavyzdžiai

1. I watched a film last night.
2. She called me yesterday.
3. We visited our grandparents on Sunday.
4. He bought a new laptop.
5. They didn’t come to the meeting.
6. I didn’t understand the question.
7. Did you finish your homework?
8. Did she take the bus?
9. We lived in Calgary for three years.
10. He opened the window and turned on the light.

Išimtys

Veiksmažodis to be nevartojamas su did Past Simple klausimuose ir neiginiuose.

• I was tired.
• They were at home.
• She wasn’t ready.
• Were you busy?

Kai kurie veiksmažodžiai yra netaisyklingi ir nevartoja -ed.

• come → came
• write → wrote
• make → made
• find → found

Netaisyklingas formas reikia išmokti atskirai.

Dažnos klaidos

1. Neteisingai: I goed to work yesterday. Teisingai: I went to work yesterday. Paaiškinimas: Go yra netaisyklingas. Jo praeities forma yra went.

2. Neteisingai: She didn’t went home. Teisingai: She didn’t go home. Paaiškinimas: Po didn’t vartojama pagrindinė veiksmažodžio forma.

3. Neteisingai: Did you saw him? Teisingai: Did you see him? Paaiškinimas: Po did vartojama pagrindinė veiksmažodžio forma.

4. Neteisingai: He work yesterday. Teisingai: He worked yesterday. Paaiškinimas: Baigtam praeities veiksmui vartojama Past Simple forma.

5. Neteisingai: They was late. Teisingai: They were late. Paaiškinimas: Su they vartojama were.

6. Neteisingai: I didn’t called her. Teisingai: I didn’t call her. Paaiškinimas: Po didn’t nenaudojama praeities forma.

7. Neteisingai: Did she finished the task? Teisingai: Did she finish the task? Paaiškinimas: Po did vartojama pagrindinė forma.

8. Neteisingai: We studyed English yesterday. Teisingai: We studied English yesterday. Paaiškinimas: Prieš pridedant -ed, priebalsis + y keičiamas į i.