Panduan Tatabahasa

Apa itu?

Present Continuous digunakan untuk membincangkan tindakan yang sedang berlaku sekarang atau sekitar masa kini.

Ia dibentuk dengan bentuk kini to be dan kata kerja yang berakhir dengan -ing.

Contoh:

• I am working.
• She is reading.
• They are playing outside.

Bentuk pendek adalah biasa dalam bahasa Inggeris harian.

• I am → I’m
• he is → he’s
• she is → she’s
• it is → it’s
• we are → we’re
• you are → you’re
• they are → they’re

Bila digunakan

Gunakan Present Continuous untuk:

• tindakan yang berlaku sekarang: She is talking on the phone.
• tindakan yang berlaku sekitar masa kini: I am reading a new book this week.
• situasi sementara: He is staying with friends.
• situasi yang berubah: The weather is getting colder.
• rancangan masa depan yang telah diatur: We are meeting them tomorrow.
• tindakan berulang yang menjengkelkan, selalunya dengan always: He is always losing his keys.

Struktur

Ayat positif

Gunakan:

subject + am/is/are + verb-ing

Ayat negatif

Gunakan:

subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing

Contoh:

• I’m not sleeping.
• He isn’t listening.
• We aren’t waiting.

Soalan

Gunakan:

Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?

• Am I speaking too quickly?
• Is she working today?
• Are they coming with us?

Jawapan pendek

• Are you studying? — Yes, I am.
• Is he sleeping? — No, he isn’t.
• Are they waiting? — Yes, they are.

Ejaan bentuk -ing

Contoh

1. I am writing an email.
2. She is cooking dinner.
3. They are playing in the garden.
4. We aren’t watching television.
5. He isn’t working today.
6. Are you waiting for the bus?
7. Is your brother sleeping?
8. The weather is getting warmer.
9. I am staying with my parents this week.
10. We are meeting Sarah tomorrow evening.

Pengecualian

Sesetengah kata kerja biasanya tidak digunakan dalam bentuk berterusan kerana ia menerangkan keadaan, pemikiran, perasaan, pemilikan, atau deria.

Contoh biasa termasuk:

• know
• believe
• understand
• want
• need
• like
• love
• hate
• own
• belong

Gunakan Present Simple dengan makna ini.

• Betul: I know the answer.
• Salah: I am knowing the answer.
• Betul: She wants some water.
• Salah: She is wanting some water.

Sesetengah kata kerja boleh digunakan dalam kedua-dua bentuk apabila maknanya berubah.

• I think he is right. — Ini pendapat saya.
• I am thinking about the problem. — Ini aktiviti mental yang berlaku sekarang.

Kesilapan biasa

1. Salah: She working now. Betul: She is working now. Penjelasan: Gunakan am, is, atau are sebelum kata kerja -ing.

2. Salah: I am work today. Betul: I am working today. Penjelasan: Gunakan bentuk -ing selepas am.

3. Salah: They is playing outside. Betul: They are playing outside. Penjelasan: Gunakan are dengan they.

4. Salah: He is play football. Betul: He is playing football. Penjelasan: Tambah -ing pada kata kerja utama.

5. Salah: Are she studying? Betul: Is she studying? Penjelasan: Gunakan is dengan she.

6. Salah: I don’t working now. Betul: I’m not working now. Penjelasan: Gunakan am not, bukan don’t, dalam ayat negatif Present Continuous.

7. Salah: Does he sleeping? Betul: Is he sleeping? Penjelasan: Jangan gunakan does dalam soalan Present Continuous.

8. Salah: She is makeing dinner. Betul: She is making dinner. Penjelasan: Buang -e senyap sebelum menambah -ing.