Hva er det?
Personlige pronomen er korte ord som brukes i stedet for navn eller substantiv.
De hjelper til med å unngå å gjenta samme person, dyr, sted eller ting.
Engelsk har subjektpronomen og objektpronomen.
| Subjektpronomen | Objektpronomen |
|---|---|
| I | me |
| you | you |
| he | him |
| she | her |
| it | it |
| we | us |
| they | them |
Subjektpronomen utfører handlingen.
- She works here.
- They know my brother.
Objektpronomen mottar handlingen eller kommer etter en preposisjon.
- I called her.
- He spoke to them.
Når du skal bruke dem
Bruk subjektpronomen før et verb.
- I live in Canada.
- You look tired.
- He plays football.
- She works at a hospital.
- It is very cold.
- We study English.
- They have two children.
Bruk objektpronomen etter et verb.
- She knows me.
- I can help you.
- We invited him.
- They called her.
- Please open it.
- He visited us.
- I saw them.
Bruk objektpronomen etter preposisjoner som to, for, with og from.
- Talk to me.
- This gift is for her.
- Come with us.
- I received a message from them.
Struktur
Subjektpronomen
Bruk:
subjektpronomen + verb
| Pronomen | Bruk | Eksempel |
|---|---|---|
| I | taleren | I am ready. |
| you | personen eller personene du snakker til | You are welcome. |
| he | én mannlig person | He lives nearby. |
| she | én kvinnelig person | She speaks French. |
| it | én ting, dyr eller situasjon | It looks expensive. |
| we | taleren og andre personer | We work together. |
| they | andre personer, dyr eller ting | They are outside. |
Objektpronomen
Bruk:
subjekt + verb + objektpronomen
- She called me.
- I know him.
- We invited them.
Bruk:
preposisjon + objektpronomen
- with her
- for us
- from him
- to them
Bruke it
Bruk it for:
- en ting: I bought a phone. It is new.
- et dyr når kjønnet er ukjent eller uviktig: The dog is outside. It is hungry.
- vær: It is raining.
- tid: It is six o’clock.
- avstand: It is five kilometres away.
Bruke they
Bruk they for personer, dyr og ting i flertall.
- My parents are here. They are waiting.
- The books are new. They are expensive.
They kan også referere til én person når personens kjønn er ukjent, uviktig eller ikke spesifisert.
- Someone left their phone. They may return for it.
Eksempler
- I work from home.
- She is my new manager.
- He called me yesterday.
- We invited them to dinner.
- The children are tired, so they are going to bed.
- This is my phone. It is very old.
- Can you help us?
- I spoke to her after work.
- My brother lives nearby, and I visit him often.
- Someone is at the door. They are waiting outside.
Unntak
Pronomenet I skrives alltid med stor bokstav.
- Riktig: Anna and I are friends.
- Feil: Anna and i are friends.
Bruk you for én person eller flere personer.
- You are my friend.
- You are all welcome.
Dyr kan kalles he eller she når kjønnet er kjent eller når de behandles som individer.
- This is my dog, Max. He is very friendly.
Bruk it for generelle vær-, tids- og avstandsuttrykk, selv når det ikke erstatter et spesifikt substantiv.
- It is sunny.
- It is midnight.
- It is far from here.
Vanlige feil
-
Feil: Me live in Canada. Riktig: I live in Canada. Forklaring: Bruk subjektpronomenet I før et verb.
-
Feil: She called I yesterday. Riktig: She called me yesterday. Forklaring: Bruk objektpronomenet me etter et verb.
-
Feil: Him is my brother. Riktig: He is my brother. Forklaring: Bruk subjektpronomenet he som subjekt.
-
Feil: I spoke to she. Riktig: I spoke to her. Forklaring: Bruk et objektpronomen etter en preposisjon.
-
Feil: My friends are here. He are waiting. Riktig: My friends are here. They are waiting. Forklaring: Bruk they for mer enn én person.
-
Feil: The car is new. She is expensive. Riktig: The car is new. It is expensive. Forklaring: Bruk it for en ting.
-
Feil: Us work together. Riktig: We work together. Forklaring: Bruk subjektpronomenet we før et verb.
-
Feil: Please help we. Riktig: Please help us. Forklaring: Bruk objektpronomenet us etter et verb.