Hva er det?
Verbet to be brukes for å beskrive personer, ting, steder, følelser, alder, jobber og situasjoner.
Presensformene er:
- am
- is
- are
Bruk am med I.
- I am tired.
Bruk is med he, she og it.
- He is at home.
- She is a teacher.
- It is cold.
Bruk are med you, we og they.
- You are ready.
- We are friends.
- They are busy.
Når du skal bruke det
Bruk to be for å snakke om:
- identitet: I am Daniel.
- jobber: She is a nurse.
- alder: He is twenty years old.
- følelser: We are happy.
- beskrivelser: The room is small.
- steder: They are at work.
- nasjonalitet: She is Canadian.
- vær og tid: It is cold. It is six o’clock.
Bruk nektelsesformer for å si at noe ikke er sant.
- I am not tired.
- He is not at home.
- They are not ready.
Bruk spørsmål for å spørre om identitet, tilstand, sted, alder eller beskrivelse.
- Are you tired?
- Is she at work?
- Are they students?
Struktur
Bekreftende setninger
Bruk:
subjekt + am/is/are + predikativ
| Subjekt | Form | Eksempel |
|---|---|---|
| I | am | I am ready. |
| he / she / it | is | She is busy. |
| you / we / they | are | They are outside. |
Vanlige sammentrekninger er:
| Full form | Kortform |
|---|---|
| I am | I’m |
| he is | he’s |
| she is | she’s |
| it is | it’s |
| you are | you’re |
| we are | we’re |
| they are | they’re |
Nektende setninger
Bruk:
subjekt + am/is/are + not + predikativ
| Subjekt | Full form | Kortform |
|---|---|---|
| I | am not | I’m not |
| he / she / it | is not | isn’t |
| you / we / they | are not | aren’t |
Eksempler:
- I’m not hungry.
- She isn’t at home.
- We aren’t late.
Formene he’s not, she’s not, you’re not og they’re not er også korrekte.
Spørsmål
Sett am, is eller are foran subjektet.
am/is/are + subjekt + predikativ?
| Påstand | Spørsmål |
|---|---|
| You are tired. | Are you tired? |
| She is at work. | Is she at work? |
| They are ready. | Are they ready? |
| I am late. | Am I late? |
Korte svar
Bruk am, is eller are i korte svar.
- Are you ready? — Yes, I am.
- Is he at home? — No, he isn’t.
- Are they busy? — Yes, they are.
- Is she a doctor? — No, she isn’t.
Bruk normalt ikke positive sammentrekninger i korte svar.
- Riktig: Yes, I am.
- Feil: Yes, I’m.
Eksempler
- I am a software developer.
- She is very tired today.
- They are at the bus stop.
- I’m not hungry.
- He isn’t at work.
- We aren’t ready yet.
- Are you from Canada?
- Is your brother at home?
- Are the children tired?
- Why is the door open?
Unntak
Bruk am I not? i formelle spørsmål.
- Am I not invited?
I dagligtale er aren’t I? vanlig i nektende spørsmål og spørsmålsfraser.
- Aren’t I invited?
- I’m late, aren’t I?
Ikke bruk do, does eller did med to be.
- Riktig: Is she tired?
- Feil: Does she be tired?
Verbet to be bruker ikke et eget hovedverb i enkle beskrivelser.
- She is happy.
- They are at home.
Vanlige feil
-
Feil: I is tired. Riktig: I am tired. Forklaring: Bruk am med I.
-
Feil: They is at home. Riktig: They are at home. Forklaring: Bruk are med they.
-
Feil: She not is ready. Riktig: She is not ready. Forklaring: Sett not etter is.
-
Feil: I don’t am hungry. Riktig: I am not hungry. Forklaring: Ikke bruk do med to be.
-
Feil: Does he be at work? Riktig: Is he at work? Forklaring: Sett is foran subjektet for å danne et spørsmål.
-
Feil: Are she tired? Riktig: Is she tired? Forklaring: Bruk is med she.
-
Feil: Is they ready? Riktig: Are they ready? Forklaring: Bruk are med they.
-
Feil: Yes, I’m. Riktig: Yes, I am. Forklaring: Bruk normalt ikke en positiv sammentrekning i et kort svar.