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Grammatikkguide

Ruting for den offentlige grammatikkguiden er klar for lokalisert innhold.

A1 Beginner English grammatikk

Presens kontinuerlig

Hva er det?

Presens kontinuerlig (Present Continuous) brukes for å snakke om handlinger som skjer nå eller rundt nåtiden.

Det dannes med presensformen av to be og et verb som ender på -ing.

Eksempler:

  • I am working.
  • She is reading.
  • They are playing outside.

Kortformene er vanlige i hverdagslig engelsk.

  • I am → I’m
  • he is → he’s
  • she is → she’s
  • it is → it’s
  • we are → we’re
  • you are → you’re
  • they are → they’re

Når du skal bruke det

Bruk Present Continuous for:

  • handlinger som skjer nå: She is talking on the phone.
  • handlinger som skjer rundt nåtiden: I am reading a new book this week.
  • midlertidige situasjoner: He is staying with friends.
  • endringer: The weather is getting colder.
  • planlagte fremtidsavtaler: We are meeting them tomorrow.
  • gjentatte handlinger som er irriterende, ofte med always: He is always losing his keys.

Struktur

Setninger i bekreftende form

Bruk:

subject + am/is/are + verb-ing

Subjekt Form av to be Verb Eksempel
I am working I am working.
He / She / It is working She is working.
You / We / They are working They are working.

Setninger i nektende form

Bruk:

subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing

Subjekt Full form Kortform
I am not working I’m not working
He / She / It is not working isn’t working
You / We / They are not working aren’t working

Eksempler:

  • I’m not sleeping.
  • He isn’t listening.
  • We aren’t waiting.

Spørsmål

Bruk:

Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?

  • Am I speaking too quickly?
  • Is she working today?
  • Are they coming with us?

Korte svar

  • Are you studying? — Yes, I am.
  • Is he sleeping? — No, he isn’t.
  • Are they waiting? — Yes, they are.

Stavemåte for -ing-former

Regel Grunnverb -ing-form
De fleste verb: legg til -ing work working
Verb som ender på stum -e: fjern -e make making
Kort vokal + konsonant: dobbel slutkonsonanten run running
Verb som ender på -ie: endre -ie til -y lie lying

Eksempler

  1. I am writing an email.
  2. She is cooking dinner.
  3. They are playing in the garden.
  4. We aren’t watching television.
  5. He isn’t working today.
  6. Are you waiting for the bus?
  7. Is your brother sleeping?
  8. The weather is getting warmer.
  9. I am staying with my parents this week.
  10. We are meeting Sarah tomorrow evening.

Unntak

Noen verb brukes normalt ikke i kontinuerlige former fordi de beskriver tilstander, tanker, følelser, besittelse eller sanser.

Vanlige eksempler inkluderer:

  • know
  • believe
  • understand
  • want
  • need
  • like
  • love
  • hate
  • own
  • belong

Bruk Presens (Present Simple) med disse betydningene.

  • Riktig: I know the answer.
  • Feil: I am knowing the answer.
  • Riktig: She wants some water.
  • Feil: She is wanting some water.

Noen verb kan brukes i begge former når betydningen endres.

  • I think he is right. — Dette er min mening.
  • I am thinking about the problem. — Dette er en mental aktivitet som skjer nå.

Vanlige feil

  1. Feil: She working now. Riktig: She is working now. Forklaring: Bruk am, is eller are før -ing-verbet.

  2. Feil: I am work today. Riktig: I am working today. Forklaring: Bruk -ing-formen etter am.

  3. Feil: They is playing outside. Riktig: They are playing outside. Forklaring: Bruk are med they.

  4. Feil: He is play football. Riktig: He is playing football. Forklaring: Legg til -ing på hovedverbet.

  5. Feil: Are she studying? Riktig: Is she studying? Forklaring: Bruk is med she.

  6. Feil: I don’t working now. Riktig: I’m not working now. Forklaring: Bruk am not, ikke don’t, i nektende setninger i Present Continuous.

  7. Feil: Does he sleeping? Riktig: Is he sleeping? Forklaring: Ikke bruk does i spørsmål i Present Continuous.

  8. Feil: She is makeing dinner. Riktig: She is making dinner. Forklaring: Fjern den stumme -e før du legger til -ing.