Kas tas ir?
Present Continuous lieto, lai runātu par darbībām, kas notiek tagad vai ap pašreizējo laiku.
To veido ar to be tagadnes formu un darbības vārdu ar galotni -ing.
Piemēri:
- I am working.
- She is reading.
- They are playing outside.
Īsās formas ir izplatītas ikdienas angļu valodā.
- I am → I’m
- he is → he’s
- she is → she’s
- it is → it’s
- we are → we’re
- you are → you’re
- they are → they’re
Kad lietot
Lieto Present Continuous, lai izteiktu:
- darbības, kas notiek tagad: She is talking on the phone.
- darbības, kas notiek ap pašreizējo laiku: I am reading a new book this week.
- īslaicīgas situācijas: He is staying with friends.
- mainīgas situācijas: The weather is getting colder.
- plānotus nākotnes pasākumus: We are meeting them tomorrow.
- atkārtotas darbības, kas ir kaitinošas, bieži ar always: He is always losing his keys.
Struktūra
Apstiprinoši teikumi
Lieto:
subject + am/is/are + verb-ing
| Subjekts | Forma no to be | Darbības vārds | Piemērs |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | working | I am working. |
| He / She / It | is | working | She is working. |
| You / We / They | are | working | They are working. |
Noliedzoši teikumi
Lieto:
subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing
| Subjekts | Pilnā forma | Īsā forma |
|---|---|---|
| I | am not working | I’m not working |
| He / She / It | is not working | isn’t working |
| You / We / They | are not working | aren’t working |
Piemēri:
- I’m not sleeping.
- He isn’t listening.
- We aren’t waiting.
Jautājumi
Lieto:
Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?
- Am I speaking too quickly?
- Is she working today?
- Are they coming with us?
Īsās atbildes
- Are you studying? — Yes, I am.
- Is he sleeping? — No, he isn’t.
- Are they waiting? — Yes, they are.
-ing formu pareizrakstība
| Noteikums | Pamatforma | -ing forma |
|---|---|---|
| Lielākā daļa darbības vārdu: pievieno -ing | work | working |
| Darbības vārdi ar kluso -e beigās: noņem -e | make | making |
| Īss patskanis + līdzskanis: dubulto beigu līdzskani | run | running |
| Darbības vārdi ar -ie beigās: maina -ie uz -y | lie | lying |
Piemēri
- I am writing an email.
- She is cooking dinner.
- They are playing in the garden.
- We aren’t watching television.
- He isn’t working today.
- Are you waiting for the bus?
- Is your brother sleeping?
- The weather is getting warmer.
- I am staying with my parents this week.
- We are meeting Sarah tomorrow evening.
Izņēmumi
Dažus darbības vārdus parasti nelieto nepilnīgajās (continuous) formās, jo tie apraksta stāvokļus, domas, sajūtas, piederību vai maņas.
Bieži piemēri:
- know
- believe
- understand
- want
- need
- like
- love
- hate
- own
- belong
Šajās nozīmēs lieto Present Simple.
- Pareizi: I know the answer.
- Nepareizi: I am knowing the answer.
- Pareizi: She wants some water.
- Nepareizi: She is wanting some water.
Dažus darbības vārdus var lietot abās formās, kad to nozīme mainās.
- I think he is right. — Tās ir manas domas.
- I am thinking about the problem. — Tā ir garīga darbība, kas notiek tagad.
Biežākās kļūdas
-
Nepareizi: She working now. Pareizi: She is working now. Paskaidrojums: Lieto am, is vai are pirms darbības vārda ar -ing galotni.
-
Nepareizi: I am work today. Pareizi: I am working today. Paskaidrojums: Lieto -ing formu pēc am.
-
Nepareizi: They is playing outside. Pareizi: They are playing outside. Paskaidrojums: Lieto are ar they.
-
Nepareizi: He is play football. Pareizi: He is playing football. Paskaidrojums: Pievieno -ing galvenajam darbības vārdam.
-
Nepareizi: Are she studying? Pareizi: Is she studying? Paskaidrojums: Lieto is ar she.
-
Nepareizi: I don’t working now. Pareizi: I’m not working now. Paskaidrojums: Lieto am not, nevis don’t, Present Continuous noliegumos.
-
Nepareizi: Does he sleeping? Pareizi: Is he sleeping? Paskaidrojums: Nelieto does Present Continuous jautājumos.
-
Nepareizi: She is makeing dinner. Pareizi: She is making dinner. Paskaidrojums: Noņem kluso -e pirms -ing pievienošanas.