Šta je to?
Past Simple se koristi za radnje, događaje i situacije koje su počele i završile se u prošlosti.
Primeri:
- I visited my friend yesterday.
- She worked from home last week.
- They went to the cinema.
Pravilni glagoli obično formiraju Past Simple sa -ed.
- work → worked
- play → played
- clean → cleaned
Nepravilni glagoli imaju posebne prošle forme.
- go → went
- see → saw
- buy → bought
- have → had
Kada se koristi
Past Simple se koristi za:
- završene radnje u prošlosti: I finished the report yesterday.
- niz završenih radnji: She opened the door, walked inside, and sat down.
- prošle navike: We played outside every day.
- prošle situacije koje više nisu istinite: He lived in London for five years.
- radnje u određenom prošlom vremenu: They arrived at 8 p.m.
Uobičajeni vremenski izrazi za prošlost uključuju:
- yesterday
- last night
- last week
- two days ago
- in 2020
- when I was a child
Struktura
Potvrdne rečenice
Za pravilne glagole koristite:
subject + verb-ed
| Subjekat | Glagol | Primer |
|---|---|---|
| I | worked | I worked yesterday. |
| She | played | She played tennis. |
| They | visited | They visited us. |
Za nepravilne glagole koristite posebnu prošlu formu.
| Osnovni glagol | Prošla forma | Primer |
|---|---|---|
| go | went | We went home. |
| see | saw | I saw Anna. |
| buy | bought | He bought a car. |
| take | took | She took the bus. |
Prošla forma je ista za sve subjekte.
- I worked.
- He worked.
- They worked.
Odrične rečenice
Koristite:
subject + did not + osnovni glagol
Kratka forma od did not je didn’t.
- I did not call him.
- She didn’t go to work.
- They didn’t understand the question.
Posle didn’t, koristite osnovni oblik glagola.
Pitanja
Koristite:
Did + subjekat + osnovni glagol?
- Did you call her?
- Did he finish the task?
- Did they arrive on time?
Kratki odgovori
- Did you see him? — Yes, I did.
- Did she call? — No, she didn’t.
- Did they leave? — Yes, they did.
Pravopis pravilnih glagola
| Pravilo | Osnovni glagol | Prošla forma |
|---|---|---|
| Većina glagola: dodajte -ed | work | worked |
| Glagoli koji se završavaju na -e: dodajte -d | live | lived |
| Suglasnik + y: promenite y u i i dodajte -ed | study | studied |
| Kratak naglašen samoglasnik + suglasnik: udvostručite završni suglasnik | stop | stopped |
Primeri
- I watched a film last night.
- She called me yesterday.
- We visited our grandparents on Sunday.
- He bought a new laptop.
- They didn’t come to the meeting.
- I didn’t understand the question.
- Did you finish your homework?
- Did she take the bus?
- We lived in Calgary for three years.
- He opened the window and turned on the light.
Izuzeci
Glagol to be ne koristi did u Past Simple pitanjima i odričnim rečenicama.
- I was tired.
- They were at home.
- She wasn’t ready.
- Were you busy?
Neki glagoli su nepravilni i ne koriste -ed.
- come → came
- write → wrote
- make → made
- find → found
Nepravilne forme moraju se naučiti pojedinačno.
Česte greške
-
Netačno: I goed to work yesterday. Tačno: I went to work yesterday. Objašnjenje: Go je nepravilan. Njegova prošla forma je went.
-
Netačno: She didn’t went home. Tačno: She didn’t go home. Objašnjenje: Koristite osnovni glagol posle didn’t.
-
Netačno: Did you saw him? Tačno: Did you see him? Objašnjenje: Koristite osnovni glagol posle did.
-
Netačno: He work yesterday. Tačno: He worked yesterday. Objašnjenje: Koristite Past Simple formu za završenu prošlu radnju.
-
Netačno: They was late. Tačno: They were late. Objašnjenje: Koristite were sa they.
-
Netačno: I didn’t called her. Tačno: I didn’t call her. Objašnjenje: Nemojte koristiti prošlu formu posle didn’t.
-
Netačno: Did she finished the task? Tačno: Did she finish the task? Objašnjenje: Koristite osnovni oblik posle did.
-
Netačno: We studyed English yesterday. Tačno: We studied English yesterday. Objašnjenje: Promenite suglasnik + y u i pre dodavanja -ed.