Граматички водич

Šta je to?

Present Simple se koristi za govor o navikama, rutinama, činjenicama, stalnim situacijama i stvarima koje se dešavaju redovno.

Primeri:

• Radim od kuće.
• Ona pije kafu svakog jutra.
• Sunce izlazi na istoku.

Uz he, she i it, glagol se obično završava na -s ili -es.

• Radim.
• On radi.
• Oni gledaju televiziju.
• Ona gleda televiziju.

Kada se koristi

Koristite Present Simple za:

• navike i rutine: Idem peške na posao svaki dan.
• ponavljane radnje: Ona zove majku svake nedelje.
• opšte činjenice: Voda ključa na 100°C.
• stalne situacije: Oni žive u Kanadi.
• mišljenja i osećanja: Sviđa mi se ova pesma.
• rasporede i redove vožnje: Voz polazi u šest.
• uputstva i pravce: Skrenite levo, i banka je sa vaše desne strane.

Uobičajeni vremenski izrazi uključuju:

• uvek
• obično
• često
• ponekad
• retko
• nikad
• svaki dan
• jednom nedeljno
• ponedeljkom

Struktura

Potvrdne rečenice

Koristite osnovni oblik glagola uz I, you, we i they.

Koristite glagol sa -s ili -es uz he, she i it.

Pravopis uz he, she i it

Odrične rečenice

Koristite:

subject + do not/does not + osnovni glagol

Skraćeni oblici su:

• do not → don’t
• does not → doesn’t

Posle doesn’t, koristite osnovni oblik glagola.

Pitanja

Koristite:

Do/Does + subjekat + osnovni glagol?

• Do you work here?
• Does she speak French?
• Do they live nearby?

Kratki odgovori

• Do you drive? — Yes, I do.
• Do they work here? — No, they don’t.
• Does he cook? — Yes, he does.
• Does she live in Calgary? — No, she doesn’t.

Prilozi učestalosti

Prilozi kao što su always, usually, often, sometimes i never obično dolaze ispred glavnog glagola.

• I usually get up at seven.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

Uz glagol to be, prilog obično dolazi posle glagola.

• He is always busy.
• We are usually at home.

Primeri

1. I drink coffee every morning.
2. She works in a hospital.
3. They play football on Saturdays.
4. He doesn’t eat meat.
5. We don’t watch much television.
6. Do you speak English?
7. Does your brother live nearby?
8. The shop opens at nine.
9. Water freezes at 0°C.
10. My parents usually visit us in summer.

Izuzeci

Glagol to be koristi am, is i are i ne koristi do ili does u odričnim i upitnim oblicima.

• I am tired.
• She isn’t at home.
• Are they ready?

Glagol have je obično pravilan u američkom engleskom.

• Do you have a car?
• She doesn’t have a car.

U britanskom engleskom, have got je takođe čest.

• Have you got a car?
• She hasn’t got a car.

Neki glagoli opisuju stanja i obično se koriste u Present Simple, a ne u Present Continuous.

• know
• believe
• want
• need
• like
• love
• understand

Česte greške

1. Netačno: He work every day. Tačno: He works every day. Objašnjenje: Dodajte -s na glagol uz he, she i it.

2. Netačno: She don’t like coffee. Tačno: She doesn’t like coffee. Objašnjenje: Koristite doesn’t uz she.

3. Netačno: Does he works here? Tačno: Does he work here? Objašnjenje: Koristite osnovni glagol posle does.

4. Netačno: I am go to work every day. Tačno: I go to work every day. Objašnjenje: Nemojte koristiti am ispred pravilnog glagola u Present Simple.

5. Netačno: They doesn’t live here. Tačno: They don’t live here. Objašnjenje: Koristite don’t uz they.

6. Netačno: She studys English. Tačno: She studies English. Objašnjenje: Promenite suglasnik + y u i pre dodavanja -es.

7. Netačno: Do she speak French? Tačno: Does she speak French? Objašnjenje: Koristite does uz she.

8. Netačno: He doesn’t goes to school. Tačno: He doesn’t go to school. Objašnjenje: Koristite osnovni oblik posle doesn’t.