Šta je to?
Glagol to be koristi se za opisivanje ljudi, stvari, mesta, osećanja, godina, zanimanja i situacija.
Prezentni oblici su:
- am
- is
- are
Koristite am sa I.
- I am tired.
Koristite is sa he, she i it.
- He is at home.
- She is a teacher.
- It is cold.
Koristite are sa you, we i they.
- You are ready.
- We are friends.
- They are busy.
Kada se koristi
Koristite to be da biste govorili o:
- identitetu: I am Daniel.
- zanimanju: She is a nurse.
- godinama: He is twenty years old.
- osećanjima: We are happy.
- opisima: The room is small.
- lokacijama: They are at work.
- nacionalnosti: She is Canadian.
- vremenu i vremenskim prilikama: It is cold. It is six o’clock.
Koristite negativne oblike da biste rekli da nešto nije tačno.
- I am not tired.
- He is not at home.
- They are not ready.
Koristite upitne oblike da biste pitali o identitetu, stanju, lokaciji, godinama ili opisu.
- Are you tired?
- Is she at work?
- Are they students?
Struktura
Potvrdne rečenice
Koristite:
subject + am/is/are + complement
| Subject | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| I | am | I am ready. |
| he / she / it | is | She is busy. |
| you / we / they | are | They are outside. |
Uobičajene skraćenice su:
| Puni oblik | Skraćeni oblik |
|---|---|
| I am | I’m |
| he is | he’s |
| she is | she’s |
| it is | it’s |
| you are | you’re |
| we are | we’re |
| they are | they’re |
Odrične rečenice
Koristite:
subject + am/is/are + not + complement
| Subject | Puni oblik | Skraćeni oblik |
|---|---|---|
| I | am not | I’m not |
| he / she / it | is not | isn’t |
| you / we / they | are not | aren’t |
Primeri:
- I’m not hungry.
- She isn’t at home.
- We aren’t late.
Oblici he’s not, she’s not, you’re not i they’re not su takođe tačni.
Pitanja
Stavite am, is ili are ispred subjekta.
am/is/are + subject + complement?
| Potvrdna rečenica | Pitanje |
|---|---|
| You are tired. | Are you tired? |
| She is at work. | Is she at work? |
| They are ready. | Are they ready? |
| I am late. | Am I late? |
Kratki odgovori
Koristite am, is ili are u kratkim odgovorima.
- Are you ready? — Yes, I am.
- Is he at home? — No, he isn’t.
- Are they busy? — Yes, they are.
- Is she a doctor? — No, she isn’t.
U kratkim odgovorima obično ne koristite potvrdne skraćenice.
- Tačno: Yes, I am.
- Netačno: Yes, I’m.
Primeri
- I am a software developer.
- She is very tired today.
- They are at the bus stop.
- I’m not hungry.
- He isn’t at work.
- We aren’t ready yet.
- Are you from Canada?
- Is your brother at home?
- Are the children tired?
- Why is the door open?
Izuzeci
Koristite am I not? u formalnim pitanjima.
- Am I not invited?
U svakodnevnom engleskom, aren’t I? je uobičajeno u negativnim pitanjima i pitanjima s potvrdnim odgovorom (question tags).
- Aren’t I invited?
- I’m late, aren’t I?
Nemojte koristiti do, does ili did sa to be.
- Tačno: Is she tired?
- Netačno: Does she be tired?
Glagol to be ne zahteva poseban glavni glagol u jednostavnim opisima.
- She is happy.
- They are at home.
Česte greške
-
Netačno: I is tired. Tačno: I am tired. Objašnjenje: Koristite am sa I.
-
Netačno: They is at home. Tačno: They are at home. Objašnjenje: Koristite are sa they.
-
Netačno: She not is ready. Tačno: She is not ready. Objašnjenje: Stavite not posle is.
-
Netačno: I don’t am hungry. Tačno: I am not hungry. Objašnjenje: Nemojte koristiti do sa to be.
-
Netačno: Does he be at work? Tačno: Is he at work? Objašnjenje: Stavite is ispred subjekta da biste formirali pitanje.
-
Netačno: Are she tired? Tačno: Is she tired? Objašnjenje: Koristite is sa she.
-
Netačno: Is they ready? Tačno: Are they ready? Objašnjenje: Koristite are sa they.
-
Netačno: Yes, I’m. Tačno: Yes, I am. Objašnjenje: U kratkom odgovoru obično ne koristite potvrdnu skraćenicu.