Mis see on?
Be going to kasutatakse tulevikuplaanide, kavatsuste ja oleviku tõendusmaterjalil põhinevate ennustuste rääkimiseks.
See moodustatakse be õige vormiga, millele järgneb going to ja verbi algvorm.
- I am going to travel next month.
- She is going to study tonight.
- They are going to move soon.
Be vorm muutub vastavalt subjektile.
Millal kasutada
Kasuta be going to tulevikuplaani või kavatsuse puhul, mis on juba otsustatud.
- I am going to call my mother tonight.
- We are going to buy a new table.
- He is going to start a new job.
Kasuta be going to ennustuse puhul, mis põhineb millelgi, mida sa nüüd näed või tead.
- Look at those clouds. It is going to rain.
- That glass is going to fall.
- She studied very hard. She is going to pass the test.
Tavaliselt ei kasutata going to otsuse puhul, mis tehakse täpselt rääkimise hetkel. Will on selliste otsuste puhul tavalisem.
- The phone is ringing. I will answer it.
Struktuur
Jaatavad laused
Kasuta:
subjekt + am/is/are + going to + põhiverb
| Subjekt | Be | Going to | Põhiverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | going to | work |
| he, she, it | is | going to | work |
| you, we, they | are | going to | work |
- I am going to cook dinner.
- She is going to visit her friend.
- We are going to watch a film.
Levinud lühendid on:
- I am → I’m
- he is → he’s
- she is → she’s
- it is → it’s
- you are → you’re
- we are → we’re
- they are → they’re
Eitavad laused
Kasuta:
subjekt + am/is/are + not + going to + põhiverb
- I am not going to stay long.
- He is not going to drive.
- They are not going to come.
Levinud eitavad lühendid on:
- is not → isn’t
- are not → aren’t
Am not jaoks standardlühendit ei ole.
Küsimused
Kasuta:
am/is/are + subjekt + going to + põhiverb?
- Are you going to study tonight?
- Is she going to join us?
- Are they going to travel this year?
Lühivastustes kasutatakse verbi be.
- Yes, I am.
- No, she isn’t.
- Yes, they are.
Küsisõnad
Kasuta:
küsisõna + am/is/are + subjekt + going to + põhiverb?
- What are you going to cook?
- Where is he going to stay?
- When are they going to leave?
Põhiverb “go”
Going to järel olev verb võib olla ka go.
- We are going to go shopping.
- She is going to go home.
Mitteametlikus inglise keeles välditakse sageli going to go kordamist, kui sihtkoht on selge.
- We are going shopping.
- She is going home.
Näited
- I am going to clean the kitchen tonight.
- She is going to learn Spanish.
- We are going to visit our family this weekend.
- He is not going to sell his car.
- They are not going to stay at the hotel.
- Are you going to cook dinner?
- What are you going to wear?
- Look at the sky. It is going to snow.
- Be careful! You are going to drop that box.
- The team is going to win because it is playing very well.
Erandid
Going to kirjeldab tavaliselt tulevikuaega, kuid verb be peab ikkagi ühtima subjektiga.
- I am going to work.
- She is going to work.
- They are going to work.
Mõnda verbi ei kasutata tavaliselt kestvas vormis, kuid need võivad siiski järgneda going to algvormis.
- I am going to know the answer soon.
- She is going to understand the problem.
Mitteametlikus kõnes hääldatakse going to sageli nagu gonna, kuid gonna kirjalikus vormis tavaliselt välditakse.
- Mitteametlik kõne: I’m gonna call him.
- Standardne kirjaviis: I’m going to call him.
Levinud vead
-
Vale: I going to study tonight. Õige: I am going to study tonight. Selgitus: Kasuta be õiget vormi enne going to.
-
Vale: She are going to travel. Õige: She is going to travel. Selgitus: Kasuta she-ga is.
-
Vale: They is going to buy a house. Õige: They are going to buy a house. Selgitus: Kasuta they-ga are.
-
Vale: He is going to studies tonight. Õige: He is going to study tonight. Selgitus: Kasuta going to järel verbi algvormi.
-
Vale: Are going to you call her? Õige: Are you going to call her? Selgitus: Küsimustes pane subjekt am, is või are järele.
-
Vale: She not is going to come. Õige: She is not going to come. Selgitus: Pane not verbi be järele.
-
Vale: Do you going to work tomorrow? Õige: Are you going to work tomorrow? Selgitus: Küsimuste moodustamiseks kasuta am, is või are, mitte do.
-
Vale: I am going to will call him. Õige: I am going to call him. Selgitus: Ära kasuta will pärast going to.