Grammar Guide

¿Qué es?

Los adjetivos comparativos se usan para comparar dos personas, cosas, lugares o situaciones.

Indican que una persona o cosa tiene más o menos de una cualidad que otra.

Las formas comparativas comunes incluyen:

La palabra than se usa a menudo después de un adjetivo comparativo.

Tom is taller than Ben.

Cuándo usarlos

Usa adjetivos comparativos cuando compares dos personas o cosas.

• This car is faster than that car.
• My room is smaller than yours.

Úsalos cuando compares dos lugares.

• Calgary is colder than Vancouver.

Úsalos cuando compares dos situaciones.

• Today is busier than yesterday.

Usa more + adjective con muchos adjetivos largos.

• This book is more interesting than that one.

Usa less + adjective para mostrar un menor grado de una cualidad.

• This restaurant is less expensive than the other one.

Estructura

Para muchos adjetivos cortos, agrega -er.

Subject + be + adjective-er + than + noun/pronoun

• tall → taller
• fast → faster
• old → older

Ejemplo:

Anna is taller than Maria.

Si un adjetivo termina en -e, agrega solo -r.

• nice → nicer
• large → larger

Si un adjetivo corto termina en una vocal + una consonante, la consonante final a menudo se duplica.

• big → bigger
• hot → hotter

Si un adjetivo termina en consonante + -y, cambia y por i y agrega -er.

• happy → happier
• easy → easier

Para muchos adjetivos largos, usa more.

Subject + be + more + adjective + than + noun/pronoun

• more beautiful
• more comfortable
• more important

Ejemplo:

This chair is more comfortable than that one.

Para mostrar un menor grado, usa less.

Subject + be + less + adjective + than + noun/pronoun

Ejemplo:

This task is less difficult than the last one.

Algunos adjetivos comunes tienen formas comparativas irregulares.

Ejemplos

1. My brother is taller than me.
2. This bag is cheaper than that one.
3. Today is hotter than yesterday.
4. Her new apartment is bigger than her old one.
5. This exercise is easier than the previous one.
6. The blue jacket is more expensive than the black one.
7. This movie is more interesting than the first one.
8. My English is better than last year.
9. The traffic is worse this morning.
10. This route is less dangerous than the other route.

Excepciones

Algunos adjetivos tienen formas comparativas irregulares y no usan el patrón normal -er o more.

• good → better
• bad → worse
• far → farther / further

Normalmente no uses more y -er juntos.

Usa:

taller

no:

more taller

Algunos adjetivos de dos sílabas pueden usar cualquiera de las dos formas según el adjetivo y el uso.

Por ejemplo:

• cleverer / more clever
• quieter / more quiet

Errores comunes

1. Incorrecto: She is more taller than me. Correcto: She is taller than me. Explicación: No uses more y -er juntos con el mismo adjetivo.

2. Incorrecto: This book is interestinger than that one. Correcto: This book is more interesting than that one. Explicación: Los adjetivos más largos normalmente usan more en lugar de -er.

3. Incorrecto: My car is fast than yours. Correcto: My car is faster than yours. Explicación: Usa la forma comparativa cuando compares dos cosas.

4. Incorrecto: He is more good at tennis than me. Correcto: He is better at tennis than me. Explicación: La forma comparativa de good es better.

5. Incorrecto: Today is badder than yesterday. Correcto: Today is worse than yesterday. Explicación: La forma comparativa de bad es worse.

6. Incorrecto: This box is biger than that one. Correcto: This box is bigger than that one. Explicación: Duplica la consonante final en big antes de agregar -er.

7. Incorrecto: This test is easyer than the last one. Correcto: This test is easier than the last one. Explicación: Con adjetivos que terminan en consonante + y, cambia y por i antes de agregar -er.