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Grammar Guide

Rules, patterns and examples grouped by level — from A1 basics to advanced structures.

A1 Beginner English Grammar

Adjetivos posesivos

¿Qué es?

Los adjetivos posesivos muestran quién posee algo o con quién está conectado algo.

Van antes de un sustantivo.

Los adjetivos posesivos en inglés son:

Pronombre de sujeto Adjetivo posesivo Ejemplo
I my my book
you your your phone
he his his car
she her her bag
it its its name
we our our house
they their their children

Ejemplos:

  • This is my coat.
  • Her brother lives in London.
  • Their car is outside.

Cuándo usar

Usa adjetivos posesivos para hablar de:

  • propiedad: This is my laptop.
  • relaciones familiares: Her mother is a teacher.
  • partes del cuerpo: He hurt his arm.
  • pertenencias personales: Where are your keys?
  • lugares conectados con alguien: Our office is nearby.
  • animales o cosas: The dog is eating its food.

Usa un adjetivo posesivo antes del sustantivo que describe.

  • my friend
  • your address
  • his job
  • her name
  • our room
  • their house

Estructura

La estructura básica es:

adjetivo posesivo + sustantivo

Adjetivo posesivo Sustantivo Ejemplo
my name My name is Anna.
your bag Your bag is here.
his brother His brother is tall.
her phone Her phone is new.
its colour Its colour is blue.
our teacher Our teacher is friendly.
their house Their house is large.

Los adjetivos posesivos no cambian para sustantivos singulares o plurales.

  • my book
  • my books
  • their child
  • their children

Elige el adjetivo posesivo según el poseedor, no según la cosa poseída.

  • Anna has a car. Her car is red.
  • Mark has a car. His car is red.
  • Anna and Mark have a car. Their car is red.

No uses un artículo antes de un adjetivo posesivo.

  • Correcto: my friend
  • Incorrecto: the my friend

Ejemplos

  1. My name is Daniel.
  2. Where is your passport?
  3. His sister works at a hospital.
  4. Her children are at school.
  5. The cat is washing its face.
  6. Our apartment is very small.
  7. Their parents live in Canada.
  8. I cannot find my keys.
  9. She is talking to her manager.
  10. We invited our friends to dinner.

Excepciones

Its es un adjetivo posesivo.

  • The company changed its name.

It’s es la forma abreviada de it is o it has.

  • It’s cold today.
  • It’s been a long day.

No uses apóstrofo en el adjetivo posesivo its.

Los adjetivos posesivos son diferentes de los pronombres posesivos.

  • This is my book.
  • This book is mine.

Un adjetivo posesivo debe ir seguido de un sustantivo. Un pronombre posesivo reemplaza al sustantivo.

Errores comunes

  1. Incorrecto: She is my sister. His name is Anna. Correcto: She is my sister. Her name is Anna. Explicación: Usa her para un poseedor femenino.

  2. Incorrecto: He has a car. Her car is new. Correcto: He has a car. His car is new. Explicación: Usa his para un poseedor masculino.

  3. Incorrecto: This is mine book. Correcto: This is my book. Explicación: Usa el adjetivo posesivo my antes de un sustantivo.

  4. Incorrecto: The dog is eating it’s food. Correcto: The dog is eating its food. Explicación: Its muestra posesión. It’s significa it is o it has.

  5. Incorrecto: This is the my phone. Correcto: This is my phone. Explicación: No uses un artículo antes de un adjetivo posesivo.

  6. Incorrecto: We live here. Their house is small. Correcto: We live here. Our house is small. Explicación: Usa our cuando los poseedores son we.

  7. Incorrecto: They are washing their car, and she is cleaning their window. Correcto: They are washing their car, and she is cleaning her window. Explicación: Elige el adjetivo posesivo según el poseedor.

  8. Incorrecto: My books is on the table. Correcto: My books are on the table. Explicación: El adjetivo posesivo no cambia, pero el verbo debe concordar con el sustantivo plural.