Grammar Guide

¿Qué es?

El Present Simple se usa para hablar de hábitos, rutinas, hechos, situaciones permanentes y cosas que ocurren regularmente.

Ejemplos:

• I work from home.
• She drinks coffee every morning.
• The sun rises in the east.

Con he, she y it, el verbo generalmente termina en -s o -es.

• I work.
• He works.
• They watch television.
• She watches television.

Cuándo se usa

Usa el Present Simple para:

• hábitos y rutinas: I walk to work every day.
• acciones repetidas: She calls her mother every Sunday.
• hechos generales: Water boils at 100°C.
• situaciones permanentes: They live in Canada.
• opiniones y sentimientos: I like this song.
• horarios y programas: The train leaves at six.
• instrucciones y direcciones: Turn left, and the bank is on your right.

Las expresiones de tiempo comunes incluyen:

• always
• usually
• often
• sometimes
• rarely
• never
• every day
• once a week
• on Mondays

Estructura

Oraciones afirmativas

Usa la forma base del verbo con I, you, we y they.

Usa el verbo con -s o -es con he, she y it.

Ortografía con he, she y it

Oraciones negativas

Usa:

sujeto + do not/does not + verbo base

Las formas cortas son:

• do not → don’t
• does not → doesn’t

Después de doesn’t, usa la forma base del verbo.

Preguntas

Usa:

Do/Does + sujeto + verbo base?

• Do you work here?
• Does she speak French?
• Do they live nearby?

Respuestas cortas

• Do you drive? — Yes, I do.
• Do they work here? — No, they don’t.
• Does he cook? — Yes, he does.
• Does she live in Calgary? — No, she doesn’t.

Adverbios de frecuencia

Los adverbios como always, usually, often, sometimes y never generalmente van antes del verbo principal.

• I usually get up at seven.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

Con el verbo to be, el adverbio generalmente va después del verbo.

• He is always busy.
• We are usually at home.

Ejemplos

1. I drink coffee every morning.
2. She works in a hospital.
3. They play football on Saturdays.
4. He doesn’t eat meat.
5. We don’t watch much television.
6. Do you speak English?
7. Does your brother live nearby?
8. The shop opens at nine.
9. Water freezes at 0°C.
10. My parents usually visit us in summer.

Excepciones

El verbo to be usa am, is y are y no usa do ni does en negativas y preguntas.

• I am tired.
• She isn’t at home.
• Are they ready?

El verbo have generalmente es regular en inglés americano.

• Do you have a car?
• She doesn’t have a car.

En inglés británico, have got también es común.

• Have you got a car?
• She hasn’t got a car.

Algunos verbos describen estados y generalmente se usan en Present Simple en lugar del Present Continuous.

• know
• believe
• want
• need
• like
• love
• understand

Errores comunes

1. Incorrecto: He work every day. Correcto: He works every day. Explicación: Añade -s al verbo con he, she y it.

2. Incorrecto: She don’t like coffee. Correcto: She doesn’t like coffee. Explicación: Usa doesn’t con she.

3. Incorrecto: Does he works here? Correcto: Does he work here? Explicación: Usa el verbo base después de does.

4. Incorrecto: I am go to work every day. Correcto: I go to work every day. Explicación: No uses am antes de un verbo normal en Present Simple.

5. Incorrecto: They doesn’t live here. Correcto: They don’t live here. Explicación: Usa don’t con they.

6. Incorrecto: She studys English. Correcto: She studies English. Explicación: Cambia la consonante + y a i antes de añadir -es.

7. Incorrecto: Do she speak French? Correcto: Does she speak French? Explicación: Usa does con she.

8. Incorrecto: He doesn’t goes to school. Correcto: He doesn’t go to school. Explicación: Usa la forma base después de doesn’t.