Gabay sa Grammar

Ano ito?

Ang mga pang-abay ng dalas ay nagpapakita kung gaano kadalas nangyayari ang isang kilos.

Kabilang sa karaniwang mga pang-abay ng dalas ang:

• always — sa bawat pagkakataon
• usually — sa karamihan ng oras
• often — maraming beses
• sometimes — sa ilang pagkakataon
• rarely — hindi madalas
• hardly ever — halos hindi kailanman
• never — sa walang pagkakataon

Inilalarawan ng mga salitang ito ang dalas nang hindi nagbibigay ng eksaktong bilang.

Kailan gagamitin

Gamitin ang mga pang-abay ng dalas upang pag-usapan ang mga gawi, rutina, at paulit-ulit na kilos.

• I usually drink coffee in the morning.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

Karaniwang ginagamit ang mga ito kasama ng Present Simple dahil inilalarawan ng panahong ito ang mga regular na kilos at gawi.

May ilang ekspresyon na nagbibigay ng mas eksaktong dalas:

• every day
• once a week
• twice a month
• three times a year

Karaniwang inilalagay ang mga ekspresyong ito sa simula o dulo ng pangungusap.

• I exercise three times a week.
• Every Friday, we order pizza.

Estruktura

Sa karamihan ng mga pandiwa

Ilagay ang pang-abay ng dalas bago ang pangunahing pandiwa.

subject + adverb of frequency + main verb

• We sometimes play tennis.
• He rarely drives at night.

Sa pandiwang “be”

Ilagay ang pang-abay ng dalas pagkatapos ng pandiwang be.

subject + be + adverb of frequency

• He is never late.
• We are usually at home on Sundays.

Sa mga pantulong at modal na pandiwa

Ilagay ang pang-abay pagkatapos ng unang pantulong o modal na pandiwa.

subject + auxiliary or modal + adverb + main verb

• She can always help you.
• I have never seen that film.
• They do not usually work on weekends.
• He will often call in the evening.

Sometimes, usually, at often

Ang sometimes, usually, at often ay maaari ring lumitaw sa simula ng pangungusap.

• Sometimes, I walk to work.
• Usually, we eat dinner at home.
• Often, she reads before bed.

Ang sometimes ay maaari ring lumitaw sa dulo.

• I cook dinner sometimes.

Never

Ang never ay mayroon nang negatibong kahulugan. Huwag itong gamitin kasama ng not.

• I never smoke.
• She is never rude.

Mga halimbawa

1. I always check my email in the morning.
2. She usually takes the bus to work.
3. We often cook dinner together.
4. He sometimes forgets his keys.
5. They rarely go to restaurants.
6. My parents hardly ever travel in winter.
7. I never drink coffee at night.
8. She is always friendly to customers.
9. We are usually busy on Mondays.
10. He can often solve difficult problems.

Mga eksepsiyon

Ang ilang ekspresyon ng dalas ay hindi sumusunod sa karaniwang puwesto ng pang-abay.

Ang mga ekspresyong tulad ng every day, once a week, at three times a month ay karaniwang nasa simula o dulo ng pangungusap.

• I call my parents once a week.
• Every morning, she goes for a walk.

Ang pang-abay na sometimes ay maaaring pumunta bago ang pangunahing pandiwa, sa simula, o sa dulo ng pangungusap.

• I sometimes work from home.
• Sometimes, I work from home.
• I work from home sometimes.

Karaniwang pagkakamali

1. Incorrect: I go always to work by bus. Correct: I always go to work by bus. Explanation: Ilagay ang pang-abay bago ang pangunahing pandiwa.

2. Incorrect: She always is tired. Correct: She is always tired. Explanation: Ilagay ang pang-abay pagkatapos ng pandiwang be.

3. Incorrect: He does never eat breakfast. Correct: He never eats breakfast. Explanation: Ang never ay mayroon nang negatibong kahulugan, kaya huwag gamitin ang does bilang negatibong pantulong na pandiwa.

4. Incorrect: They don't never arrive late. Correct: They never arrive late. Explanation: Huwag gamitin ang not at never nang magkasama.

5. Incorrect: I am drink usually coffee. Correct: I usually drink coffee. Explanation: Huwag gamitin ang am bago ang pangunahing pandiwa sa Present Simple.

6. Incorrect: She can drive always safely. Correct: She can always drive safely. Explanation: Ilagay ang pang-abay pagkatapos ng modal na pandiwang can.

7. Incorrect: We go to the gym often every day. Correct: We go to the gym every day. Explanation: Iwasan ang paggamit ng dalawang ekspresyon ng dalas kung sapat na ang isa.

8. Incorrect: He never is late. Correct: He is never late. Explanation: Sa pandiwang be, ilagay ang pang-abay pagkatapos ng pandiwa.