Gabay sa Grammar

Ano ito?

Ang Present Continuous ay ginagamit upang pag-usapan ang mga kilos na nangyayari ngayon o sa kasalukuyang panahon.

Ito ay nabubuo gamit ang kasalukuyang anyo ng to be at isang pandiwa na nagtatapos sa -ing.

Mga halimbawa:

• I am working.
• She is reading.
• They are playing outside.

Ang mga pinaikling anyo ay karaniwan sa pang-araw-araw na Ingles.

• I am → I’m
• he is → he’s
• she is → she’s
• it is → it’s
• we are → we’re
• you are → you’re
• they are → they’re

Kailan gagamitin

Gamitin ang Present Continuous para sa:

• mga kilos na nangyayari ngayon: She is talking on the phone.
• mga kilos na nangyayari sa kasalukuyang panahon: I am reading a new book this week.
• pansamantalang mga sitwasyon: He is staying with friends.
• nagbabagong mga sitwasyon: The weather is getting colder.
• mga nakaplanong hinaharap na mga kaayusan: We are meeting them tomorrow.
• paulit-ulit na mga kilos na nakakainis, madalas na may always: He is always losing his keys.

Kayarian

Mga positibong pangungusap

Gamitin:

subject + am/is/are + verb-ing

Mga negatibong pangungusap

Gamitin:

subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing

Mga halimbawa:

• I’m not sleeping.
• He isn’t listening.
• We aren’t waiting.

Mga tanong

Gamitin:

Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?

• Am I speaking too quickly?
• Is she working today?
• Are they coming with us?

Mga maikling sagot

• Are you studying? — Yes, I am.
• Is he sleeping? — No, he isn’t.
• Are they waiting? — Yes, they are.

Pagbaybay ng mga -ing na anyo

Mga halimbawa

1. I am writing an email.
2. She is cooking dinner.
3. They are playing in the garden.
4. We aren’t watching television.
5. He isn’t working today.
6. Are you waiting for the bus?
7. Is your brother sleeping?
8. The weather is getting warmer.
9. I am staying with my parents this week.
10. We are meeting Sarah tomorrow evening.

Mga eksepsiyon

Ang ilang mga pandiwa ay hindi karaniwang ginagamit sa mga tuluy-tuloy na anyo dahil inilalarawan nito ang mga estado, kaisipan, damdamin, pag-aari, o pandama.

Kabilang sa mga karaniwang halimbawa ang:

• know
• believe
• understand
• want
• need
• like
• love
• hate
• own
• belong

Gamitin ang Present Simple sa mga kahulugang ito.

• Tama: I know the answer.
• Mali: I am knowing the answer.
• Tama: She wants some water.
• Mali: She is wanting some water.

Ang ilang mga pandiwa ay maaaring gamitin sa parehong anyo kapag nagbabago ang kahulugan.

• I think he is right. — Ito ang aking opinyon.
• I am thinking about the problem. — Ito ay isang gawaing pangkaisipan na nangyayari ngayon.

Mga karaniwang pagkakamali

1. Mali: She working now. Tama: She is working now. Paliwanag: Gamitin ang am, is, o are bago ang -ing na pandiwa.

2. Mali: I am work today. Tama: I am working today. Paliwanag: Gamitin ang -ing na anyo pagkatapos ng am.

3. Mali: They is playing outside. Tama: They are playing outside. Paliwanag: Gamitin ang are sa they.

4. Mali: He is play football. Tama: He is playing football. Paliwanag: Idagdag ang -ing sa pangunahing pandiwa.

5. Mali: Are she studying? Tama: Is she studying? Paliwanag: Gamitin ang is sa she.

6. Mali: I don’t working now. Tama: I’m not working now. Paliwanag: Gamitin ang am not, hindi don’t, sa mga negatibong Present Continuous.

7. Mali: Does he sleeping? Tama: Is he sleeping? Paliwanag: Huwag gamitin ang does sa mga tanong na Present Continuous.

8. Mali: She is makeing dinner. Tama: She is making dinner. Paliwanag: Alisin ang tahimik na -e bago idagdag ang -ing.