Qu'est-ce que c'est ?
Be going to est utilisé pour parler de projets futurs, d'intentions et de prédictions basées sur des preuves présentes.
Il se forme avec la forme correcte de be, suivie de going to et de la forme de base d'un verbe.
- I am going to travel next month.
- She is going to study tonight.
- They are going to move soon.
La forme de be change selon le sujet.
Quand l'utiliser
Utilisez be going to pour un projet ou une intention future qui a déjà été décidé(e).
- I am going to call my mother tonight.
- We are going to buy a new table.
- He is going to start a new job.
Utilisez be going to pour une prédiction basée sur quelque chose que vous pouvez voir ou savoir maintenant.
- Look at those clouds. It is going to rain.
- That glass is going to fall.
- She studied very hard. She is going to pass the test.
N'utilisez généralement pas going to pour une décision prise au moment exact de la parole. Will est plus courant pour ce type de décision.
- The phone is ringing. I will answer it.
Structure
Phrases affirmatives
Utilisez :
sujet + am/is/are + going to + verbe de base
| Sujet | Be | Going to | Verbe de base |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | going to | work |
| he, she, it | is | going to | work |
| you, we, they | are | going to | work |
- I am going to cook dinner.
- She is going to visit her friend.
- We are going to watch a film.
Les contractions courantes sont :
- I am → I’m
- he is → he’s
- she is → she’s
- it is → it’s
- you are → you’re
- we are → we’re
- they are → they’re
Phrases négatives
Utilisez :
sujet + am/is/are + not + going to + verbe de base
- I am not going to stay long.
- He is not going to drive.
- They are not going to come.
Les contractions négatives courantes sont :
- is not → isn’t
- are not → aren’t
Il n'y a pas de contraction standard pour am not.
Questions
Utilisez :
am/is/are + sujet + going to + verbe de base ?
- Are you going to study tonight?
- Is she going to join us?
- Are they going to travel this year?
Les réponses courtes utilisent le verbe be.
- Yes, I am.
- No, she isn’t.
- Yes, they are.
Mots interrogatifs
Utilisez :
mot interrogatif + am/is/are + sujet + going to + verbe de base ?
- What are you going to cook?
- Where is he going to stay?
- When are they going to leave?
Le verbe principal « go »
Le verbe après going to peut aussi être go.
- We are going to go shopping.
- She is going to go home.
En anglais informel, les locuteurs évitent souvent de répéter going to go lorsque la destination est claire.
- We are going shopping.
- She is going home.
Exemples
- I am going to clean the kitchen tonight.
- She is going to learn Spanish.
- We are going to visit our family this weekend.
- He is not going to sell his car.
- They are not going to stay at the hotel.
- Are you going to cook dinner?
- What are you going to wear?
- Look at the sky. It is going to snow.
- Be careful! You are going to drop that box.
- The team is going to win because it is playing very well.
Exceptions
Going to décrit normalement un temps futur, mais le verbe be doit toujours s'accorder avec le sujet.
- I am going to work.
- She is going to work.
- They are going to work.
Certains verbes ne sont pas couramment utilisés aux formes continues, mais ils peuvent toujours suivre going to à leur forme de base.
- I am going to know the answer soon.
- She is going to understand the problem.
Dans le langage informel, going to est souvent prononcé comme gonna, mais gonna est généralement évité à l'écrit formel.
- Discours informel : I’m gonna call him.
- Écrit standard : I’m going to call him.
Erreurs courantes
-
Incorrect : I going to study tonight. Correct : I am going to study tonight. Explication : Utilisez la forme correcte de be avant going to.
-
Incorrect : She are going to travel. Correct : She is going to travel. Explication : Utilisez is avec she.
-
Incorrect : They is going to buy a house. Correct : They are going to buy a house. Explication : Utilisez are avec they.
-
Incorrect : He is going to studies tonight. Correct : He is going to study tonight. Explication : Utilisez la forme de base du verbe après going to.
-
Incorrect : Are going to you call her? Correct : Are you going to call her? Explication : Placez le sujet après am, is ou are dans les questions.
-
Incorrect : She not is going to come. Correct : She is not going to come. Explication : Placez not après le verbe be.
-
Incorrect : Do you going to work tomorrow? Correct : Are you going to work tomorrow? Explication : Utilisez am, is ou are, pas do, pour former les questions.
-
Incorrect : I am going to will call him. Correct : I am going to call him. Explication : N'utilisez pas will après going to.