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Guide de grammaire

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A1 Beginner Grammaire English

Adjectifs possessifs

Qu'est-ce que c'est ?

Les adjectifs possessifs indiquent à qui appartient quelque chose ou à qui quelque chose est lié.

Ils se placent avant un nom.

Les adjectifs possessifs anglais sont :

Pronom sujet Adjectif possessif Exemple
I my my book
you your your phone
he his his car
she her her bag
it its its name
we our our house
they their their children

Exemples :

  • This is my coat.
  • Her brother lives in London.
  • Their car is outside.

Quand utiliser

Utilisez les adjectifs possessifs pour parler :

  • de possession : This is my laptop.
  • de relations familiales : Her mother is a teacher.
  • de parties du corps : He hurt his arm.
  • d'effets personnels : Where are your keys?
  • de lieux liés à quelqu'un : Our office is nearby.
  • d'animaux ou de choses : The dog is eating its food.

Utilisez un adjectif possessif avant le nom qu'il décrit.

  • my friend
  • your address
  • his job
  • her name
  • our room
  • their house

Structure

La structure de base est :

adjectif possessif + nom

Adjectif possessif Nom Exemple
my name My name is Anna.
your bag Your bag is here.
his brother His brother is tall.
her phone Her phone is new.
its colour Its colour is blue.
our teacher Our teacher is friendly.
their house Their house is large.

Les adjectifs possessifs ne changent pas selon que le nom est singulier ou pluriel.

  • my book
  • my books
  • their child
  • their children

Choisissez l'adjectif possessif en fonction du possesseur, et non de la chose possédée.

  • Anna has a car. Her car is red.
  • Mark has a car. His car is red.
  • Anna and Mark have a car. Their car is red.

N'utilisez pas d'article avant un adjectif possessif.

  • Correct : my friend
  • Incorrect : the my friend

Exemples

  1. My name is Daniel.
  2. Where is your passport?
  3. His sister works at a hospital.
  4. Her children are at school.
  5. The cat is washing its face.
  6. Our apartment is very small.
  7. Their parents live in Canada.
  8. I cannot find my keys.
  9. She is talking to her manager.
  10. We invited our friends to dinner.

Exceptions

Its est un adjectif possessif.

  • The company changed its name.

It's est la forme contractée de it is ou it has.

  • It's cold today.
  • It's been a long day.

N'utilisez pas d'apostrophe dans l'adjectif possessif its.

Les adjectifs possessifs sont différents des pronoms possessifs.

  • This is my book.
  • This book is mine.

Un adjectif possessif doit être suivi d'un nom. Un pronom possessif remplace le nom.

Erreurs courantes

  1. Incorrect : She is my sister. His name is Anna. Correct : She is my sister. Her name is Anna. Explication : Utilisez her pour un possesseur féminin.

  2. Incorrect : He has a car. Her car is new. Correct : He has a car. His car is new. Explication : Utilisez his pour un possesseur masculin.

  3. Incorrect : This is mine book. Correct : This is my book. Explication : Utilisez l'adjectif possessif my avant un nom.

  4. Incorrect : The dog is eating it's food. Correct : The dog is eating its food. Explication : Its indique la possession. It's signifie it is ou it has.

  5. Incorrect : This is the my phone. Correct : This is my phone. Explication : N'utilisez pas d'article avant un adjectif possessif.

  6. Incorrect : We live here. Their house is small. Correct : We live here. Our house is small. Explication : Utilisez our lorsque les possesseurs sont we.

  7. Incorrect : They are washing their car, and she is cleaning their window. Correct : They are washing their car, and she is cleaning her window. Explication : Choisissez l'adjectif possessif en fonction du possesseur.

  8. Incorrect : My books is on the table. Correct : My books are on the table. Explication : L'adjectif possessif ne change pas, mais le verbe doit s'accorder avec le nom pluriel.