व्याकरण मार्गदर्शक

हे म्हणजे काय?

Present Simple चा वापर सवयी, नित्यक्रम, तथ्ये, कायमस्वरूपी परिस्थिती आणि नियमित घडणाऱ्या गोष्टींबद्दल बोलण्यासाठी केला जातो.

उदाहरणे:

• I work from home.
• She drinks coffee every morning.
• The sun rises in the east.

he, she आणि it सोबत, क्रियापदाच्या शेवटी सहसा -s किंवा -es येतो.

• I work.
• He works.
• They watch television.
• She watches television.

केव्हा वापरावे

Present Simple चा वापर यासाठी करा:

• सवयी आणि नित्यक्रम: I walk to work every day.
• पुनरावृत्ती होणाऱ्या क्रिया: She calls her mother every Sunday.
• सामान्य तथ्ये: Water boils at 100°C.
• कायमस्वरूपी परिस्थिती: They live in Canada.
• मते आणि भावना: I like this song.
• वेळापत्रके आणि वेळापत्रके: The train leaves at six.
• सूचना आणि दिशा: Turn left, and the bank is on your right.

सामान्य काळ दर्शवणारे शब्द:

• always
• usually
• often
• sometimes
• rarely
• never
• every day
• once a week
• on Mondays

रचना

सकारात्मक वाक्ये

I, you, we आणि they सोबत क्रियापदाचे मूळ रूप वापरा.

he, she आणि it सोबत क्रियापदाला -s किंवा -es लावा.

he, she आणि it सोबत शुद्धलेखन

नकारार्थी वाक्ये

वापरा:

कर्ता + do not/does not + मूळ क्रियापद

संक्षिप्त रूपे:

• do not → don’t
• does not → doesn’t

doesn’t नंतर क्रियापदाचे मूळ रूप वापरा.

प्रश्न

वापरा:

Do/Does + कर्ता + मूळ क्रियापद?

• Do you work here?
• Does she speak French?
• Do they live nearby?

थोडक्यात उत्तरे

• Do you drive? — Yes, I do.
• Do they work here? — No, they don’t.
• Does he cook? — Yes, he does.
• Does she live in Calgary? — No, she doesn’t.

वारंवारता दर्शवणारे क्रियाविशेषण

always, usually, often, sometimes आणि never सारखे क्रियाविशेषण सहसा मुख्य क्रियापदाच्या आधी येतात.

• I usually get up at seven.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

to be या क्रियापदासोबत, क्रियाविशेषण सहसा क्रियापदानंतर येते.

• He is always busy.
• We are usually at home.

उदाहरणे

1. I drink coffee every morning.
2. She works in a hospital.
3. They play football on Saturdays.
4. He doesn’t eat meat.
5. We don’t watch much television.
6. Do you speak English?
7. Does your brother live nearby?
8. The shop opens at nine.
9. Water freezes at 0°C.
10. My parents usually visit us in summer.

अपवाद

to be हे क्रियापद am, is आणि are वापरते आणि नकारार्थी आणि प्रश्नांमध्ये do किंवा does वापरत नाही.

• I am tired.
• She isn’t at home.
• Are they ready?

have हे क्रियापद अमेरिकन इंग्रजीत सहसा नियमित असते.

• Do you have a car?
• She doesn’t have a car.

ब्रिटिश इंग्रजीत, have got देखील सामान्य आहे.

• Have you got a car?
• She hasn’t got a car.

काही क्रियापदे स्थिती दर्शवतात आणि सहसा Present Continuous ऐवजी Present Simple मध्ये वापरली जातात.

• know
• believe
• want
• need
• like
• love
• understand

सामान्य चुका

1. चुकीचे: He work every day. बरोबर: He works every day. स्पष्टीकरण: he, she आणि it सोबत क्रियापदाला -s जोडा.

2. चुकीचे: She don’t like coffee. बरोबर: She doesn’t like coffee. स्पष्टीकरण: she सोबत doesn’t वापरा.

3. चुकीचे: Does he works here? बरोबर: Does he work here? स्पष्टीकरण: does नंतर मूळ क्रियापद वापरा.

4. चुकीचे: I am go to work every day. बरोबर: I go to work every day. स्पष्टीकरण: सामान्य Present Simple क्रियापदापूर्वी am वापरू नका.

5. चुकीचे: They doesn’t live here. बरोबर: They don’t live here. स्पष्टीकरण: they सोबत don’t वापरा.

6. चुकीचे: She studys English. बरोबर: She studies English. स्पष्टीकरण: -es जोडण्यापूर्वी व्यंजन + y चे i करा.

7. चुकीचे: Do she speak French? बरोबर: Does she speak French? स्पष्टीकरण: she सोबत does वापरा.

8. चुकीचे: He doesn’t goes to school. बरोबर: He doesn’t go to school. स्पष्टीकरण: doesn’t नंतर मूळ रूप वापरा.