O que é?
Be going to é usado para falar sobre planos futuros, intenções e previsões baseadas em evidências presentes.
É formado com a forma correta de be, seguida de going to e a forma base de um verbo.
- I am going to travel next month.
- She is going to study tonight.
- They are going to move soon.
A forma de be muda de acordo com o sujeito.
Quando usar
Use be going to para um plano ou intenção futura que já foi decidida.
- I am going to call my mother tonight.
- We are going to buy a new table.
- He is going to start a new job.
Use be going to para uma previsão baseada em algo que você pode ver ou saber agora.
- Look at those clouds. It is going to rain.
- That glass is going to fall.
- She studied very hard. She is going to pass the test.
Normalmente, não use going to para uma decisão tomada no exato momento da fala. Will é mais comum para esse tipo de decisão.
- The phone is ringing. I will answer it.
Estrutura
Frases afirmativas
Use:
sujeito + am/is/are + going to + verbo base
| Sujeito | Be | Going to | Verbo base |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | going to | work |
| he, she, it | is | going to | work |
| you, we, they | are | going to | work |
- I am going to cook dinner.
- She is going to visit her friend.
- We are going to watch a film.
As contrações comuns são:
- I am → I’m
- he is → he’s
- she is → she’s
- it is → it’s
- you are → you’re
- we are → we’re
- they are → they’re
Frases negativas
Use:
sujeito + am/is/are + not + going to + verbo base
- I am not going to stay long.
- He is not going to drive.
- They are not going to come.
As contrações negativas comuns são:
- is not → isn’t
- are not → aren’t
Não existe uma contração padrão para am not.
Perguntas
Use:
am/is/are + sujeito + going to + verbo base?
- Are you going to study tonight?
- Is she going to join us?
- Are they going to travel this year?
As respostas curtas usam o verbo be.
- Yes, I am.
- No, she isn’t.
- Yes, they are.
Palavras interrogativas
Use:
palavra interrogativa + am/is/are + sujeito + going to + verbo base?
- What are you going to cook?
- Where is he going to stay?
- When are they going to leave?
O verbo principal “go”
O verbo depois de going to também pode ser go.
- We are going to go shopping.
- She is going to go home.
Em inglês informal, os falantes muitas vezes evitam repetir going to go quando o destino está claro.
- We are going shopping.
- She is going home.
Exemplos
- I am going to clean the kitchen tonight.
- She is going to learn Spanish.
- We are going to visit our family this weekend.
- He is not going to sell his car.
- They are not going to stay at the hotel.
- Are you going to cook dinner?
- What are you going to wear?
- Look at the sky. It is going to snow.
- Be careful! You are going to drop that box.
- The team is going to win because it is playing very well.
Exceções
Going to normalmente descreve tempo futuro, mas o verbo be ainda deve concordar com o sujeito.
- I am going to work.
- She is going to work.
- They are going to work.
Alguns verbos não são comumente usados em formas contínuas, mas ainda podem seguir going to na sua forma base.
- I am going to know the answer soon.
- She is going to understand the problem.
Na fala informal, going to é frequentemente pronunciado como gonna, mas gonna geralmente é evitado na escrita formal.
- Informal speech: I’m gonna call him.
- Standard writing: I’m going to call him.
Erros comuns
-
Incorreto: I going to study tonight. Correto: I am going to study tonight. Explicação: Use a forma correta de be antes de going to.
-
Incorreto: She are going to travel. Correto: She is going to travel. Explicação: Use is com she.
-
Incorreto: They is going to buy a house. Correto: They are going to buy a house. Explicação: Use are com they.
-
Incorreto: He is going to studies tonight. Correto: He is going to study tonight. Explicação: Use a forma base do verbo depois de going to.
-
Incorreto: Are going to you call her? Correto: Are you going to call her? Explicação: Coloque o sujeito depois de am, is ou are em perguntas.
-
Incorreto: She not is going to come. Correto: She is not going to come. Explicação: Coloque not depois do verbo be.
-
Incorreto: Do you going to work tomorrow? Correto: Are you going to work tomorrow? Explicação: Use am, is ou are, não do, para formar perguntas.
-
Incorreto: I am going to will call him. Correto: I am going to call him. Explicação: Não use will depois de going to.