语法指南

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than 与定冠词

这是什么?

英语比较常常使用 than 和 the。

Than 用于比较级形容词或副词之后,用来比较两个人、事物、地点或情况。

  • Tom is taller than Ben.
  • This car is faster than mine.

当一个人或事物与整个群体进行比较时,最高级形容词前通常使用定冠词 the。

  • Anna is the tallest student in the class.
  • This is the cheapest option.

the 这个词也用于 the + 比较级,the + 比较级 结构中,表示两个变化相互关联。

  • The more you practise, the easier it becomes.
  • The earlier we leave, the better.

何时使用

当直接比较两个事物时,在比较级形式后使用 than。

  • My house is bigger than yours.
  • Today is warmer than yesterday.

当指出一个群体中某种性质程度最高或最低的人或事物时,使用 the + 最高级。

  • She is the youngest person in the family.
  • It is the most expensive restaurant here.

当一个变化影响另一个变化时,使用 the + 比较级,the + 比较级。

  • The faster you drive, the more fuel you use.
  • The longer I wait, the more tired I become.

这种结构的简短表达也很常见。

  • The sooner, the better.
  • The more, the merrier.

结构

用于直接比较:

主语 + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + 人/事物

  • Jack is older than Sam.
  • This train moves faster than that one.

与 more 或 less 连用:

主语 + be/动词 + more/less + 形容词 + than + 人/事物

  • This hotel is more comfortable than the other one.
  • The second task is less difficult than the first.

用于最高级:

主语 + be + the + 最高级 + 名词/补语

  • Maya is the tallest student in the class.
  • This is the most useful tool.
形式 例子
比较级 + than taller than
more + 形容词 + than more expensive than
less + 形容词 + than less difficult than
the + 最高级 the tallest
the most + 形容词 the most expensive

用于表示两个相互关联的变化:

The + 比较级 + 从句,the + 比较级 + 从句

  • The older I get, the more patient I become.
  • The less you spend, the more you save.

在这个特殊结构中,the 是比较级模式的一部分。它并不像定冠词通常那样指代某个特定的名词。

例子

  1. My sister is younger than me.
  2. This phone is cheaper than that one.
  3. Her new job is more interesting than her old job.
  4. Today is less stressful than yesterday.
  5. Leo is the tallest boy in his family.
  6. This is the most comfortable chair in the room.
  7. The earlier we start, the earlier we finish.
  8. The more you read, the more words you learn.
  9. The colder it gets, the more clothes I wear.
  10. The sooner we leave, the better.

例外

在 than 之后,英语可能根据语体和句子结构使用不同的代词形式。

  • She is taller than me.
  • She is taller than I am.

两种都很常见且正确。第二种形式通常更正式。

在简单比较中,普通比较级形容词前通常不使用定冠词。

  • 正确: John is taller than Mike.
  • 错误: John is the taller than Mike.

然而,当在恰好两个人或事物之间进行选择时,the 可以与比较级连用。

  • John is the taller of the two brothers.

the + 比较级,the + 比较级 结构是一种特殊的固定比较模式。

常见错误

  1. 错误: My car is faster that yours. 正确: My car is faster than yours. 解释: 比较两个事物时,在比较级后使用 than。

  2. 错误: Lisa is taller from Anna. 正确: Lisa is taller than Anna. 解释: 英语在比较级后通常使用 than,而不是 from。

  3. 错误: This book is more interesting that the other one. 正确: This book is more interesting than the other one. 解释: 使用 than 引出比较的第二部分。

  4. 错误: He is tallest student in the class. 正确: He is the tallest student in the class. 解释: 最高级形容词通常使用定冠词 the。

  5. 错误: This is most expensive hotel here. 正确: This is the most expensive hotel here. 解释: 在最高级中,most + 形容词 前使用 the。

  6. 错误: More you practise, easier it becomes. 正确: The more you practise, the easier it becomes. 解释: 在这个结构中,两个比较级形式前都要使用 the。

  7. 错误: The faster you work, you finish sooner. 正确: The faster you work, the sooner you finish. 解释: 在表示相互关联变化的结构中,两个部分通常都使用 the + 比较级。