这是什么?
英语比较常常使用 than 和 the。
Than 用于比较级形容词或副词之后,用来比较两个人、事物、地点或情况。
- Tom is taller than Ben.
- This car is faster than mine.
当一个人或事物与整个群体进行比较时,最高级形容词前通常使用定冠词 the。
- Anna is the tallest student in the class.
- This is the cheapest option.
the 这个词也用于 the + 比较级,the + 比较级 结构中,表示两个变化相互关联。
- The more you practise, the easier it becomes.
- The earlier we leave, the better.
何时使用
当直接比较两个事物时,在比较级形式后使用 than。
- My house is bigger than yours.
- Today is warmer than yesterday.
当指出一个群体中某种性质程度最高或最低的人或事物时,使用 the + 最高级。
- She is the youngest person in the family.
- It is the most expensive restaurant here.
当一个变化影响另一个变化时,使用 the + 比较级,the + 比较级。
- The faster you drive, the more fuel you use.
- The longer I wait, the more tired I become.
这种结构的简短表达也很常见。
- The sooner, the better.
- The more, the merrier.
结构
用于直接比较:
主语 + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + 人/事物
- Jack is older than Sam.
- This train moves faster than that one.
与 more 或 less 连用:
主语 + be/动词 + more/less + 形容词 + than + 人/事物
- This hotel is more comfortable than the other one.
- The second task is less difficult than the first.
用于最高级:
主语 + be + the + 最高级 + 名词/补语
- Maya is the tallest student in the class.
- This is the most useful tool.
| 形式 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| 比较级 + than | taller than |
| more + 形容词 + than | more expensive than |
| less + 形容词 + than | less difficult than |
| the + 最高级 | the tallest |
| the most + 形容词 | the most expensive |
用于表示两个相互关联的变化:
The + 比较级 + 从句,the + 比较级 + 从句
- The older I get, the more patient I become.
- The less you spend, the more you save.
在这个特殊结构中,the 是比较级模式的一部分。它并不像定冠词通常那样指代某个特定的名词。
例子
- My sister is younger than me.
- This phone is cheaper than that one.
- Her new job is more interesting than her old job.
- Today is less stressful than yesterday.
- Leo is the tallest boy in his family.
- This is the most comfortable chair in the room.
- The earlier we start, the earlier we finish.
- The more you read, the more words you learn.
- The colder it gets, the more clothes I wear.
- The sooner we leave, the better.
例外
在 than 之后,英语可能根据语体和句子结构使用不同的代词形式。
- She is taller than me.
- She is taller than I am.
两种都很常见且正确。第二种形式通常更正式。
在简单比较中,普通比较级形容词前通常不使用定冠词。
- 正确: John is taller than Mike.
- 错误: John is the taller than Mike.
然而,当在恰好两个人或事物之间进行选择时,the 可以与比较级连用。
- John is the taller of the two brothers.
the + 比较级,the + 比较级 结构是一种特殊的固定比较模式。
常见错误
-
错误: My car is faster that yours. 正确: My car is faster than yours. 解释: 比较两个事物时,在比较级后使用 than。
-
错误: Lisa is taller from Anna. 正确: Lisa is taller than Anna. 解释: 英语在比较级后通常使用 than,而不是 from。
-
错误: This book is more interesting that the other one. 正确: This book is more interesting than the other one. 解释: 使用 than 引出比较的第二部分。
-
错误: He is tallest student in the class. 正确: He is the tallest student in the class. 解释: 最高级形容词通常使用定冠词 the。
-
错误: This is most expensive hotel here. 正确: This is the most expensive hotel here. 解释: 在最高级中,most + 形容词 前使用 the。
-
错误: More you practise, easier it becomes. 正确: The more you practise, the easier it becomes. 解释: 在这个结构中,两个比较级形式前都要使用 the。
-
错误: The faster you work, you finish sooner. 正确: The faster you work, the sooner you finish. 解释: 在表示相互关联变化的结构中,两个部分通常都使用 the + 比较级。