它是什么？
Past Simple（一般过去时）用于谈论在过去开始并结束的动作、事件和情况。
示例：
- I visited my friend yesterday.
- She worked from home last week.
- They went to the cinema.
规则动词通常通过加 -ed 构成 Past Simple。
- work → worked
- play → played
- clean → cleaned
不规则动词有特殊的过去式形式。
- go → went
- see → saw
- buy → bought
- have → had
何时使用
在以下情况使用 Past Simple：
- 过去完成的动作：I finished the report yesterday.
- 一系列完成的动作：She opened the door, walked inside, and sat down.
- 过去的习惯：We played outside every day.
- 过去的情况，现已不再如此：He lived in London for five years.
- 在过去特定时间的动作：They arrived at 8 p.m.
常见的过去时间表达包括：
- yesterday
- last night
- last week
- two days ago
- in 2020
- when I was a child
结构
肯定句
对于规则动词，使用：
subject + verb-ed
| 主语 | 动词 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| I | worked | I worked yesterday. |
| She | played | She played tennis. |
| They | visited | They visited us. |
对于不规则动词，使用特殊的过去式形式。
| 动词原形 | 过去式 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| go | went | We went home. |
| see | saw | I saw Anna. |
| buy | bought | He bought a car. |
| take | took | She took the bus. |
过去式形式对所有主语都是一样的。
- I worked.
- He worked.
- They worked.
否定句
使用：
subject + did not + base verb
did not 的缩写形式是 didn’t。
- I did not call him.
- She didn’t go to work.
- They didn’t understand the question.
在 didn’t 之后，使用动词原形。
疑问句
使用：
Did + subject + base verb?
- Did you call her?
- Did he finish the task?
- Did they arrive on time?
简短回答
- Did you see him? — Yes, I did.
- Did she call? — No, she didn’t.
- Did they leave? — Yes, they did.
规则动词的拼写
| 规则 | 动词原形 | 过去式 |
|---|---|---|
| 大多数动词：加 -ed | work | worked |
| 以 -e 结尾的动词：加 -d | live | lived |
| 辅音 + y：将 y 改为 i 再加 -ed | study | studied |
| 短重读元音 + 辅音：双写末尾辅音 | stop | stopped |
示例
- I watched a film last night.
- She called me yesterday.
- We visited our grandparents on Sunday.
- He bought a new laptop.
- They didn’t come to the meeting.
- I didn’t understand the question.
- Did you finish your homework?
- Did she take the bus?
- We lived in Calgary for three years.
- He opened the window and turned on the light.
例外情况
动词 to be 在 Past Simple 的疑问句和否定句中不使用 did。
- I was tired.
- They were at home.
- She wasn’t ready.
- Were you busy?
有些动词是不规则的，不使用 -ed。
- come → came
- write → wrote
- make → made
- find → found
不规则形式需要逐个记忆。
常见错误
-
错误： I goed to work yesterday. 正确： I went to work yesterday. 解释： Go 是不规则动词。它的过去式是 went。
-
错误： She didn’t went home. 正确： She didn’t go home. 解释： 在 didn’t 之后使用动词原形。
-
错误： Did you saw him? 正确： Did you see him? 解释： 在 did 之后使用动词原形。
-
错误： He work yesterday. 正确： He worked yesterday. 解释： 对于过去完成的动作，使用 Past Simple 形式。
-
错误： They was late. 正确： They were late. 解释： 与 they 搭配使用 were。
-
错误： I didn’t called her. 正确： I didn’t call her. 解释： 不要在 didn’t 之后使用过去式。
-
错误： Did she finished the task? 正确： Did she finish the task? 解释： 在 did 之后使用动词原形。
-
错误： We studyed English yesterday. 正确： We studied English yesterday. 解释： 在加 -ed 之前，将辅音 + y 中的 y 改为 i。