英语人称代词语法指南

A1 Beginner English语法

人称代词

它是什么？

人称代词是用来代替名字或名词的短词。

它们有助于避免重复提到同一个人、动物、地点或事物。

英语有主语代词和宾语代词。

主语代词	宾语代词
I	me
you	you
he	him
she	her
it	it
we	us
they	them

主语代词执行动作。

She works here.
They know my brother.

宾语代词接受动作或跟在介词后面。

I called her.
He spoke to them.

何时使用

在动词前使用主语代词。

I live in Canada.
You look tired.
He plays football.
She works at a hospital.
It is very cold.
We study English.
They have two children.

在动词后使用宾语代词。

She knows me.
I can help you.
We invited him.
They called her.
Please open it.
He visited us.
I saw them.

在介词如 to、for、with 和 from 之后使用宾语代词。

Talk to me.
This gift is for her.
Come with us.
I received a message from them.

结构

主语代词

使用：

主语代词 + 动词

代词	用法	示例
I	说话者	I am ready.
you	被称呼的人或人们	You are welcome.
he	一位男性	He lives nearby.
she	一位女性	She speaks French.
it	一个事物、动物或情况	It looks expensive.
we	说话者和其他人	We work together.
they	其他人、动物或事物	They are outside.

宾语代词

使用：

主语 + 动词 + 宾语代词

She called me.
I know him.
We invited them.

使用：

介词 + 宾语代词

with her
for us
from him
to them

使用 it

使用 it 表示：

事物：I bought a phone. It is new.
性别未知或不重要的动物：The dog is outside. It is hungry.
天气：It is raining.
时间：It is six o’clock.
距离：It is five kilometres away.

使用 they

使用 they 表示复数的人、动物和事物。

My parents are here. They are waiting.
The books are new. They are expensive.

They 也可以指一个人，当这个人的性别未知、不重要或未指明时。

Someone left their phone. They may return for it.

示例

I work from home.
She is my new manager.
He called me yesterday.
We invited them to dinner.
The children are tired, so they are going to bed.
This is my phone. It is very old.
Can you help us?
I spoke to her after work.
My brother lives nearby, and I visit him often.
Someone is at the door. They are waiting outside.

例外情况

代词 I 总是大写。

正确：Anna and I are friends.
错误：Anna and i are friends.

使用 you 表示一个人或多个人。

You are my friend.
You are all welcome.

当动物的性别已知或被视为个体时，可以用 he 或 she 来称呼它们。

This is my dog, Max. He is very friendly.

使用 it 表示一般的天气、时间和距离表达，即使它不代替特定的名词。

It is sunny.
It is midnight.
It is far from here.

常见错误

错误： Me live in Canada. 正确： I live in Canada. 解释： 在动词前使用主语代词 I。
错误： She called I yesterday. 正确： She called me yesterday. 解释： 在动词后使用宾语代词 me。
错误： Him is my brother. 正确： He is my brother. 解释： 使用主语代词 he 作为主语。
错误： I spoke to she. 正确： I spoke to her. 解释： 在介词后使用宾语代词。
错误： My friends are here. He are waiting. 正确： My friends are here. They are waiting. 解释： 使用 they 表示多个人。
错误： The car is new. She is expensive. 正确： The car is new. It is expensive. 解释： 使用 it 表示事物。
错误： Us work together. 正确： We work together. 解释： 在动词前使用主语代词 we。
错误： Please help we. 正确： Please help us. 解释： 在动词后使用宾语代词 us。