这是什么？
How much 和 how many 用于询问数量。
将 how much 与不可数名词连用。不可数名词描述的事物通常不被视为可单独计数的个体。
- How much water do you drink?
- How much time do we have?
将 how many 与可数复数名词连用。可数名词可以单独计数。
- How many books do you own?
- How many people are coming?
Very 用于形容词或副词之前，以加强其含义。它表示“程度很高”。
- The coffee is very hot.
- She speaks very slowly.
何时使用
使用 how much 询问不可数事物的数量。
常见的不可数名词包括：
-
water
-
milk
-
money
-
time
-
information
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rice
-
sugar
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work
-
How much money do you need?
-
How much rice should I cook?
使用 how many 询问可数事物的数量。
- How many chairs are in the room?
- How many emails did you receive?
使用 how much 询问某物的价格。
- How much is this jacket?
- How much are those shoes?
使用 very 加强形容词。
- The room is very cold.
- That film was very interesting.
使用 very 加强副词。
- He drives very carefully.
- She finished very quickly.
结构
使用 how much 提问
使用：
how much + 不可数名词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 主要动词？
| How much | 不可数名词 | 助动词 | 主语 | 主要动词 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How much | water | do | you | drink? |
| How much | money | does | she | need? |
| How much | time | did | they | spend? |
与动词 be 连用，使用：
how much + 不可数名词 + is/was + 补语？
- How much milk is in the fridge?
- How much time was available?
询问价格，使用：
how much + is/are + 名词？
- How much is the ticket?
- How much are these bags?
使用 how many 提问
使用：
how many + 复数可数名词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 主要动词？
| How many | 复数名词 | 助动词 | 主语 | 主要动词 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How many | languages | do | you | speak? |
| How many | cars | does | he | own? |
| How many | photos | did | she | take? |
与动词 be 连用，使用：
how many + 复数可数名词 + are/were + 补语？
- How many students are in the class?
- How many people were at the meeting?
使用 much 和 many 的陈述句
Much 和 many 常用于否定句和疑问句中。
- We do not have much time.
- She does not have many friends.
- Do you drink much coffee?
- Are there many shops nearby?
在肯定句中，a lot of 通常更自然。
- We have a lot of time.
- She has a lot of friends.
使用 very 的句子
使用：
very + 形容词
- very cold
- very expensive
- very tired
使用：
very + 副词
- very slowly
- very carefully
- very well
在完整句子中：
主语 + 动词 + very + 形容词/副词
- The test was very difficult.
- He answered very politely.
通常不要将 very 直接用在名词前。
- a very interesting book
- not a very book
示例
- How much water do you drink every day?
- How much money did the trip cost?
- How much is this blue shirt?
- How many brothers do you have?
- How many people work in this office?
- How many apples should we buy?
- This bag is very heavy.
- She is very happy with her new job.
- He speaks English very well.
- The children walked very slowly.
例外情况
有些名词根据其含义可以是可数名词或不可数名词。
- How much coffee do you drink?
- How many coffees did you order?
在第一个句子中，coffee 指一般的饮料。在第二个句子中，coffees 指单独的杯或份。
通常不要将 very 与已经表达极端含义的形容词连用。
不要使用 very excellent，而应使用 excellent。
不要使用 very impossible，而应使用 impossible。
一些极端形容词可以用 absolutely 或 completely 等词来加强。
- absolutely impossible
- completely empty
常见错误
-
错误： How many water do you drink? 正确： How much water do you drink? 解释： Water 是不可数名词，所以使用 how much。
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错误： How much books do you have? 正确： How many books do you have? 解释： Books 是复数可数名词，所以使用 how many。
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错误： How many money do you need? 正确： How much money do you need? 解释： Money 在英语中是不可数名词。
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错误： How much apples are there? 正确： How many apples are there? 解释： 使用 how many 与复数可数名词连用。
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错误： How much is these shoes? 正确： How much are these shoes? 解释： 使用 are，因为 shoes 是复数。
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错误： She is very a friendly person. 正确： She is a very friendly person. 解释： 将 very 放在形容词之前，而不是冠词之前。
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错误： He drives very careful. 正确： He drives very carefully. 解释： 使用副词来描述某人如何开车。
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错误： I have much friends. 正确： I have many friends. 解释： 使用 many 与复数可数名词连用。