语法指南

它是什么？

to be 的过去简单形式是 was 和 were。

将 was 用于：

• I
• he
• she
• it

将 were 用于：

• you
• we
• they

示例：

• I was tired.
• She was at home.
• We were busy.
• They were happy.

否定形式是 was not 和 were not。

常见的缩略形式是：

• was not → wasn’t
• were not → weren’t

何时使用

使用 to be 的过去简单形式来谈论：

• 过去的状态：I was tired.
• 过去的感受：She was nervous.
• 过去的地点：They were at school.
• 过去的年龄：He was ten years old.
• 过去的描述：The room was small.
• 过去的情况：We were very busy.
• 过去的日期和时间：It was Monday.

结构

肯定句

结构：

主语 + was/were + 补语

• He was tired.
• We were late.

否定句

结构：

主语 + was not/were not + 补语

• I wasn’t hungry.
• They weren’t ready.

疑问句

结构：

Was/Were + 主语 + 补语？

• Was she at home?
• Were they tired?
• Were you busy?

简短回答

• Was he late? — Yes, he was.
• Was she tired? — No, she wasn’t.
• Were they at school? — Yes, they were.
• Were you busy? — No, I wasn’t.

示例

1. I was very tired yesterday.
2. She was at the office this morning.
3. He wasn’t ready for the meeting.
4. It was cold last night.
5. We were happy with the result.
6. You were very quiet yesterday.
7. They weren’t at home.
8. Was your brother at school?
9. Were the shops open?
10. Where were you last weekend?

例外情况

在某些正式或非真实的表达中，当主语是 I、he、she 或 it 时，使用 were 而不是 was。

• If I were you, I would wait.
• I wish she were here.

在非正式英语中，这些表达有时使用 was，但 were 是标准形式。

常见错误

1. 错误： I were tired yesterday. 正确： I was tired yesterday. 解释： 与 I 连用 was。

2. 错误： They was at home. 正确： They were at home. 解释： 与 they 连用 were。

3. 错误： She didn’t be happy. 正确： She wasn’t happy. 解释： 不要将 didn’t 与 to be 的过去简单形式连用。

4. 错误： Did he was at work? 正确： Was he at work? 解释： 在带有 was 或 were 的疑问句中，不要使用 did。

5. 错误： We wasn’t ready. 正确： We weren’t ready. 解释： 与 we 连用 weren’t。

6. 错误： Were she at school? 正确： Was she at school? 解释： 与 she 连用 was。

7. 错误： I was not at home? 正确： Was I not at home? 解释： 将 was 放在主语之前构成疑问句。

8. 错误： They were not tired? 正确： Weren’t they tired? 解释： 在疑问句中，将 were 或 weren’t 放在主语之前。