Kaj je to?
Nepremaljivi samostalniki opisujejo stvari, ki jih običajno ne štejemo kot ločene posamezne predmete.
Pogosto se nanašajo na snovi, materiale, informacije, dejavnosti ali splošne ideje.
Pogosti nepremaljivi samostalniki vključujejo:
- water
- milk
- rice
- bread
- money
- information
- advice
- furniture
- luggage
- homework
- work
- traffic
- weather
- news
Nepremaljivi samostalniki običajno nimajo množinske oblike. Običajno se uporabljajo z edninskim glagolom.
Kdaj uporabljati
Nepremaljive samostalnike uporabljamo, ko govorimo o:
- snoveh in materialih: water, coffee, sugar, wood
- hrani kot splošni snovi: bread, rice, cheese, meat
- abstraktnih idejah: happiness, knowledge, information
- dejavnostih in delu: homework, work, research
- skupinah stvari, ki jih vidimo kot eno kategorijo: furniture, luggage, equipment
- splošnih pogojih: weather, traffic
Z nepremaljivimi samostalniki uporabljamo some, much, a little ali a lot of.
Uporabite posodo, količino ali enoto, ko jih morate prešteti.
Struktura
| Struktura | Primer |
|---|---|
| nepremaljivi samostalnik + edninski glagol | The information is useful. |
| some + nepremaljivi samostalnik | We need some water. |
| much + nepremaljivi samostalnik | How much money do you have? |
| a little + nepremaljivi samostalnik | Add a little sugar. |
| a lot of + nepremaljivi samostalnik | She has a lot of work. |
| količina + of + nepremaljivi samostalnik | I bought two bottles of milk. |
Običajno ne uporabljajte a ali an neposredno pred nepremaljivim samostalnikom.
- Pravilno: some advice
- Nepravilno: an advice
Za štetje nepremaljivega samostalnika uporabite ustrezno enoto ali izraz:
- a piece of advice
- two pieces of information
- a loaf of bread
- three bottles of water
- a cup of coffee
- two items of luggage
Primeri
- I need some information about the hotel.
- There is a lot of traffic today.
- She gave me useful advice.
- We bought two bottles of water.
- This furniture is very expensive.
- How much money do you need?
- He has a little homework tonight.
- The weather is warm and sunny.
- Please buy a loaf of bread.
- Their luggage is already in the car.
Izjeme
Nekateri samostalniki so lahko števni ali nepremaljivi, odvisno od njihovega pomena.
- coffee je nepremaljiv, ko pomeni pijačo na splošno: I drink coffee every morning.
- a coffee pomeni eno skodelico ali porcijo: We ordered two coffees.
- chicken je nepremaljiv, ko pomeni hrano: We ate chicken.
- a chicken pomeni eno žival: They have five chickens.
- paper je nepremaljiv, ko pomeni material: I need some paper.
- a paper lahko pomeni dokument, članek ali časopis: She wrote a paper.
Pogoste napake
-
Nepravilno: I need an advice. Pravilno: I need some advice. Pojasnilo: Advice je nepremaljiv, zato ne uporabljajte an.
-
Nepravilno: She gave me two advices. Pravilno: She gave me two pieces of advice. Pojasnilo: Advice običajno nima množinske oblike.
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Nepravilno: These informations are useful. Pravilno: This information is useful. Pojasnilo: Information je nepremaljiv in zahteva edninski glagol.
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Nepravilno: We bought three breads. Pravilno: We bought three loaves of bread. Pojasnilo: Za štetje kruha uporabite količinski izraz.
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Nepravilno: How many money do you have? Pravilno: How much money do you have? Pojasnilo: Z nepremaljivimi samostalniki uporabljajte how much.
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Nepravilno: The furnitures are new. Pravilno: The furniture is new. Pojasnilo: Furniture je nepremaljiv in običajno nima množinske oblike.
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Nepravilno: I have many homework today. Pravilno: I have a lot of homework today. Pojasnilo: Z nepremaljivimi samostalniki uporabljajte much ali a lot of, ne many.