Slovnični vodnik

Kaj je to?

Vprašanja se uporabljajo za pridobivanje informacij, potrditev, dovoljenj ali pomoči.

Angleška vprašanja pogosto uporabljajo pomožni glagol pred osebkom.

Pogoste vprašalnice vključujejo:

• who
• what
• where
• when
• why
• which
• how

Primeri:

• Do you work here?
• Is she at home?
• Where do they live?
• Why are you tired?

Kdaj uporabiti

Uporabite da/ne vprašanja, ko je odgovor lahko da ali ne.

• Do you like coffee?
• Is he ready?
• Can they come?

Uporabite vprašanja z vprašalnico, ko potrebujete določene informacije.

• What do you want?
• Where does she work?
• When are they leaving?
• Why did he call?
• How can I help?

Uporabite vprašanja za poizvedovanje o:

• osebah: Who is that?
• stvareh: What is this?
• krajih: Where do you live?
• času: When does the meeting start?
• razlogih: Why are you late?
• izbirah: Which colour do you prefer?
• načinih ali pogojih: How do you make this?

Zgradba

Vprašanja z glagolom to be

Uporabite:

am/is/are + osebek + povedek?

Za pretekla vprašanja uporabite was ali were.

• Was he at work?
• Were they busy?

Vprašanja z drugimi glagoli

Uporabite do ali does v sedanjiku (Present Simple).

do/does + osebek + glagol v osnovni obliki?

Uporabite did v pretekliku (Past Simple).

did + osebek + glagol v osnovni obliki?

• Did you call her?
• Did he finish the task?

Vprašanja z modalnimi glagoli

Modalni glagol postavite pred osebek.

modalni glagol + osebek + glagol v osnovni obliki?

• Can you swim?
• Could she help us?
• Should we leave?
• Will they come?

Vprašanja z vprašalnico

Vprašalnico postavite pred pomožni glagol.

vprašalnica + pomožni glagol + osebek + glavni glagol?

• Where do you work?
• What does she need?
• Why did they leave?
• When will he arrive?

Z glagolom to be uporabite:

vprašalnica + am/is/are/was/were + osebek?

• Where is she?
• Why are they angry?
• When was the meeting?

Vprašanja o osebku

Ko je who ali what osebek, ne uporabljajte do, does ali did.

• Who called you?
• What happened?
• Who lives here?

Primerjajte:

• Who called Anna? — sprašuje po osebi, ki je klicala
• Who did Anna call? — sprašuje po osebi, ki jo je Anna klicala

Primeri

1. Do you speak English?
2. Does your brother live nearby?
3. Did they arrive on time?
4. Is she at work today?
5. Were you tired yesterday?
6. Can you help me?
7. Where do your parents live?
8. Why did he leave early?
9. What are you doing?
10. Who opened the window?

Izjeme

Ne uporabljajte do, does ali did z glagolom to be.

• Pravilno: Is she ready?
• Nepravilno: Does she be ready?

Ne uporabljajte do, does ali did z modalnimi glagoli.

• Pravilno: Can he drive?
• Nepravilno: Does he can drive?

Ko je vprašalnica osebek, se uporablja običajen besedni red osebek + vprašalnica.

• Who knows the answer?
• What caused the problem?

Nekatera vprašanja imajo lahko v neformalnem govoru obliko, podobno trditvi, ko je govorec presenečen ali preverja informacije.

• You finished already?
• She lives here?

Te oblike so pogoste v pogovoru, vendar so manj primerne v formalnem pisanju.

Pogoste napake

1. Nepravilno: You like coffee? Pravilno: Do you like coffee? Pojasnilo: Uporabite do za tvorbo vprašanja v sedanjiku (Present Simple).

2. Nepravilno: Does she works here? Pravilno: Does she work here? Pojasnilo: Za does uporabite glagol v osnovni obliki.

3. Nepravilno: Did he went home? Pravilno: Did he go home? Pojasnilo: Za did uporabite glagol v osnovni obliki.

4. Nepravilno: Do they are ready? Pravilno: Are they ready? Pojasnilo: Ne uporabljajte do z glagolom to be.

5. Nepravilno: Where she lives? Pravilno: Where does she live? Pojasnilo: V vprašanju v sedanjiku (Present Simple) postavite does pred osebek.

6. Nepravilno: Why you are late? Pravilno: Why are you late? Pojasnilo: Postavite are pred osebek.

7. Nepravilno: Does he can swim? Pravilno: Can he swim? Pojasnilo: Modalni glagol postavite pred osebek brez does.

8. Nepravilno: Who did call you? Pravilno: Who called you? Pojasnilo: Ne uporabljajte did, ko je who osebek.