Slovnični vodnik

Kaj je to?

There is in there are se uporabljata za povedati, da nekaj obstaja ali je prisotno.

Uporabite there is z:

• eno osebo ali stvarjo
• neštevnimi samostalniki

Uporabite there are z:

• dvema ali več osebami ali stvarmi

Primeri:

• There is a book on the table.
• There is some milk in the fridge.
• There are three chairs in the room.

Kratka oblika od there is je there’s.

• There’s a café near my house.

Kdaj uporabiti

Uporabite there is in there are, da:

• predstavite nove informacije
• opišete kraje
• poveste, kaj je na voljo
• poveste, koliko ljudi ali stvari je prisotnih
• govorite o dogodkih ali težavah

Primeri:

• There is a bank next to the station.
• There are two bathrooms in the apartment.
• There is some food in the kitchen.
• There are many people outside.
• There is a problem with the computer.

Struktura

Trdilne povedi

Uporabite:

there is + edninski samostalnik

• There is a shop nearby.
• There is one window in the room.

Uporabite:

there is + neštevni samostalnik

• There is some water in the bottle.
• There is a lot of traffic today.

Uporabite:

there are + množinski samostalnik

• There are two shops nearby.
• There are several windows in the room.

Nikalne povedi

Uporabite:

there is not + edninski ali neštevni samostalnik

• There is not a pharmacy nearby.
• There is not much time.

Kratka oblika je there isn’t.

Uporabite:

there are not + množinski samostalnik

• There are not enough chairs.
• There are not any shops nearby.

Kratka oblika je there aren’t.

Vprašanja

Uporabite:

Is there + edninski ali neštevni samostalnik?

• Is there a bathroom here?
• Is there any coffee left?

Uporabite:

Are there + množinski samostalnik?

• Are there any questions?
• Are there two bedrooms?

Kratki odgovori

• Is there a bank nearby? — Yes, there is.
• Is there any milk? — No, there isn’t.
• Are there any tickets left? — Yes, there are.
• Are there many people? — No, there aren’t.

Uporaba some in any

Uporabite some predvsem v trdilnih povedih.

• There is some bread.
• There are some apples.

Uporabite any predvsem v nikalnih povedih in vprašanjih.

• There isn’t any bread.
• Are there any apples?

Primeri

1. There is a supermarket near my house.
2. There are two cats in the garden.
3. There is some coffee in the kitchen.
4. There isn’t a bus stop on this street.
5. There aren’t any clean cups.
6. Is there a hotel near the airport?
7. Are there any messages for me?
8. There is a lot of traffic this morning.
9. There are several books on the desk.
10. There’s a meeting at three o’clock.

Izjeme

V neformalnem govoru se there’s včasih uporablja pred množinskim samostalnikom.

• There’s two people outside.

To je pogosto v pogovoru, vendar je there are standardna oblika.

• There are two people outside.

Besedna zveza there is ne pomeni enako kot it is.

• There is a café near the station. — A café exists there.
• It is near the station. — A known person or thing is near the station.

Za preteklik uporabite there was in there were.

• There was a problem yesterday.
• There were many people at the event.

Pogoste napake

1. Napačno: There are a book on the table. Pravilno: There is a book on the table. Pojasnilo: Uporabite there is z edninskim samostalnikom.

2. Napačno: There is two chairs in the room. Pravilno: There are two chairs in the room. Pojasnilo: Uporabite there are z množinskimi samostalniki.

3. Napačno: There are some milk in the fridge. Pravilno: There is some milk in the fridge. Pojasnilo: Uporabite there is z neštevnimi samostalniki.

4. Napačno: Is there any shops nearby? Pravilno: Are there any shops nearby? Pojasnilo: Uporabite are there z množinskimi samostalniki.

5. Napačno: There isn’t no food. Pravilno: There isn’t any food. Pojasnilo: Izogibajte se dvojnemu nikalniku. Uporabite any za isn’t.

6. Napačno: Are there a bathroom here? Pravilno: Is there a bathroom here? Pojasnilo: Uporabite is there z edninskim samostalnikom.

7. Napačno: It is a problem with the door. Pravilno: There is a problem with the door. Pojasnilo: Uporabite there is, da predstavite nekaj, kar obstaja.

8. Napačno: There have many people outside. Pravilno: There are many people outside. Pojasnilo: Uporabite there are, ne there have, ko govorite o ljudeh ali stvareh, ki so prisotne.