Kaj je to?
Angleške primerjave pogosto uporabljajo than in the.
Than se uporablja za primerjalnim pridevnikom ali prislovom, ko primerjamo dve osebi, stvari, kraju ali situaciji.
- Tom is taller than Ben.
- This car is faster than mine.
Določni člen the se običajno uporablja pred presežniškim pridevnikom, ko eno osebo ali stvar primerjamo s celotno skupino.
- Anna is the tallest student in the class.
- This is the cheapest option.
Beseda the se uporablja tudi v strukturi the + comparative, the + comparative, da pokaže, da sta dve spremembi povezani.
- The more you practise, the easier it becomes.
- The earlier we leave, the better.
Kdaj uporabiti
Uporabite than za primerjalno obliko, ko neposredno primerjate dve stvari.
- My house is bigger than yours.
- Today is warmer than yesterday.
Uporabite the + superlative, ko določate osebo ali stvar z najvišjo ali najnižjo stopnjo lastnosti v skupini.
- She is the youngest person in the family.
- It is the most expensive restaurant here.
Uporabite the + comparative, the + comparative, ko ena sprememba vpliva na drugo spremembo.
- The faster you drive, the more fuel you use.
- The longer I wait, the more tired I become.
Kratki izrazi s to strukturo so prav tako pogosti.
- The sooner, the better.
- The more, the merrier.
Struktura
Za neposredno primerjavo:
Subject + be/verb + comparative + than + person/thing
- Jack is older than Sam.
- This train moves faster than that one.
Z more ali less:
Subject + be/verb + more/less + adjective + than + person/thing
- This hotel is more comfortable than the other one.
- The second task is less difficult than the first.
Za presežnik:
Subject + be + the + superlative + noun/complement
- Maya is the tallest student in the class.
- This is the most useful tool.
| Form | Example |
|---|---|
| comparative + than | taller than |
| more + adjective + than | more expensive than |
| less + adjective + than | less difficult than |
| the + superlative | the tallest |
| the most + adjective | the most expensive |
Za prikaz dveh povezanih sprememb:
The + comparative + clause, the + comparative + clause
- The older I get, the more patient I become.
- The less you spend, the more you save.
V tej posebni strukturi je the del primerjalnega vzorca. Ne določa določenega samostalnika na običajen način, kot to počne določni člen.
Primeri
- My sister is younger than me.
- This phone is cheaper than that one.
- Her new job is more interesting than her old job.
- Today is less stressful than yesterday.
- Leo is the tallest boy in his family.
- This is the most comfortable chair in the room.
- The earlier we start, the earlier we finish.
- The more you read, the more words you learn.
- The colder it gets, the more clothes I wear.
- The sooner we leave, the better.
Izjeme
Za than lahko angleščina uporabi različne oblike zaimkov, odvisno od sloga in zgradbe stavka.
- She is taller than me.
- She is taller than I am.
Obe sta pogosti in pravilni. Druga oblika je običajno bolj formalna.
Določni člen se običajno ne uporablja pred običajnim primerjalnim pridevnikom v preprosti primerjavi.
- Correct: John is taller than Mike.
- Incorrect: John is the taller than Mike.
Vendar se the lahko pojavi s primerjalnikom, ko izbiramo med natanko dvema osebama ali stvarema.
- John is the taller of the two brothers.
Struktura the + comparative, the + comparative je poseben fiksni primerjalni vzorec.
Pogoste napake
-
Incorrect: My car is faster that yours. Correct: My car is faster than yours. Explanation: Uporabite than za primerjalnikom, ko primerjate dve stvari.
-
Incorrect: Lisa is taller from Anna. Correct: Lisa is taller than Anna. Explanation: Angleščina običajno uporablja than, ne from, za primerjalnikom.
-
Incorrect: This book is more interesting that the other one. Correct: This book is more interesting than the other one. Explanation: Uporabite than za uvedbo drugega dela primerjave.
-
Incorrect: He is tallest student in the class. Correct: He is the tallest student in the class. Explanation: Presežniški pridevniki običajno uporabljajo določni člen the.
-
Incorrect: This is most expensive hotel here. Correct: This is the most expensive hotel here. Explanation: Uporabite the pred most + adjective v presežniku.
-
Incorrect: More you practise, easier it becomes. Correct: The more you practise, the easier it becomes. Explanation: Uporabite the pred obema primerjalnima oblikama v tej strukturi.
-
Incorrect: The faster you work, you finish sooner. Correct: The faster you work, the sooner you finish. Explanation: V strukturi povezanih sprememb oba dela običajno uporabljata the + comparative.