Ce este?
Be going to se folosește pentru a vorbi despre planuri de viitor, intenții și predicții bazate pe dovezi prezente.
Se formează cu forma corectă a verbului be, urmată de going to și forma de bază a unui verb.
- I am going to travel next month.
- She is going to study tonight.
- They are going to move soon.
Forma lui be se schimbă în funcție de subiect.
Când se folosește
Folosește be going to pentru un plan de viitor sau o intenție care a fost deja decisă.
- I am going to call my mother tonight.
- We are going to buy a new table.
- He is going to start a new job.
Folosește be going to pentru o predicție bazată pe ceva ce poți vedea sau știi acum.
- Look at those clouds. It is going to rain.
- That glass is going to fall.
- She studied very hard. She is going to pass the test.
Nu folosi de obicei going to pentru o decizie luată în momentul exact al vorbirii. Will este mai comun pentru acest tip de decizie.
- The phone is ringing. I will answer it.
Structura
Propoziții afirmative
Folosește:
subject + am/is/are + going to + base verb
| Subiect | Be | Going to | Verb de bază |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | going to | work |
| he, she, it | is | going to | work |
| you, we, they | are | going to | work |
- I am going to cook dinner.
- She is going to visit her friend.
- We are going to watch a film.
Contracțiile comune sunt:
- I am → I’m
- he is → he’s
- she is → she’s
- it is → it’s
- you are → you’re
- we are → we’re
- they are → they’re
Propoziții negative
Folosește:
subject + am/is/are + not + going to + base verb
- I am not going to stay long.
- He is not going to drive.
- They are not going to come.
Contracțiile negative comune sunt:
- is not → isn’t
- are not → aren’t
Nu există o contracție standard pentru am not.
Întrebări
Folosește:
am/is/are + subject + going to + base verb?
- Are you going to study tonight?
- Is she going to join us?
- Are they going to travel this year?
Răspunsurile scurte folosesc verbul be.
- Yes, I am.
- No, she isn’t.
- Yes, they are.
Cuvinte interogative
Folosește:
question word + am/is/are + subject + going to + base verb?
- What are you going to cook?
- Where is he going to stay?
- When are they going to leave?
Verbul principal „go”
Verbul după going to poate fi și go.
- We are going to go shopping.
- She is going to go home.
În engleza informală, vorbitorii evită adesea să repete going to go atunci când destinația este clară.
- We are going shopping.
- She is going home.
Exemple
- I am going to clean the kitchen tonight.
- She is going to learn Spanish.
- We are going to visit our family this weekend.
- He is not going to sell his car.
- They are not going to stay at the hotel.
- Are you going to cook dinner?
- What are you going to wear?
- Look at the sky. It is going to snow.
- Be careful! You are going to drop that box.
- The team is going to win because it is playing very well.
Excepții
Going to descrie în mod normal timpul viitor, dar verbul be trebuie să fie de acord cu subiectul.
- I am going to work.
- She is going to work.
- They are going to work.
Unele verbe nu sunt folosite în mod obișnuit la forme continue, dar pot urma totuși going to la forma de bază.
- I am going to know the answer soon.
- She is going to understand the problem.
În vorbirea informală, going to este adesea pronunțat ca gonna, dar gonna este de obicei evitat în scrierea formală.
- Informal speech: I’m gonna call him.
- Standard writing: I’m going to call him.
Greșeli comune
-
Incorect: I going to study tonight. Corect: I am going to study tonight. Explicație: Folosește forma corectă a verbului be înainte de going to.
-
Incorect: She are going to travel. Corect: She is going to travel. Explicație: Folosește is cu she.
-
Incorect: They is going to buy a house. Corect: They are going to buy a house. Explicație: Folosește are cu they.
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Incorect: He is going to studies tonight. Corect: He is going to study tonight. Explicație: Folosește forma de bază a verbului după going to.
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Incorect: Are going to you call her? Corect: Are you going to call her? Explicație: Pune subiectul după am, is sau are în întrebări.
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Incorect: She not is going to come. Corect: She is not going to come. Explicație: Pune not după verbul be.
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Incorect: Do you going to work tomorrow? Corect: Are you going to work tomorrow? Explicație: Folosește am, is sau are, nu do, pentru a forma întrebări.
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Incorect: I am going to will call him. Corect: I am going to call him. Explicație: Nu folosi will după going to.