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Ghid de gramatică

Rutarea ghidului public de gramatică este pregătită pentru conținut localizat.

A1 Beginner Gramatică English

Adjectivele posesive

Ce este?

Adjectivele posesive arată cine deține ceva sau cu cine este conectat ceva.

Ele vin înaintea unui substantiv.

Adjectivele posesive în limba engleză sunt:

Pronume subiect Adjectiv posesiv Exemplu
I my my book
you your your phone
he his his car
she her her bag
it its its name
we our our house
they their their children

Exemple:

  • This is my coat.
  • Her brother lives in London.
  • Their car is outside.

Când se folosește

Folosește adjectivele posesive pentru a vorbi despre:

  • posesie: This is my laptop.
  • relații de familie: Her mother is a teacher.
  • părți ale corpului: He hurt his arm.
  • bunuri personale: Where are your keys?
  • locuri conectate cu cineva: Our office is nearby.
  • animale sau lucruri: The dog is eating its food.

Folosește un adjectiv posesiv înaintea substantivului pe care îl descrie.

  • my friend
  • your address
  • his job
  • her name
  • our room
  • their house

Structură

Structura de bază este:

adjectiv posesiv + substantiv

Adjectiv posesiv Substantiv Exemplu
my name My name is Anna.
your bag Your bag is here.
his brother His brother is tall.
her phone Her phone is new.
its colour Its colour is blue.
our teacher Our teacher is friendly.
their house Their house is large.

Adjectivele posesive nu se schimbă pentru substantive la singular sau plural.

  • my book
  • my books
  • their child
  • their children

Alege adjectivul posesiv în funcție de posesor, nu de lucrul posedat.

  • Anna has a car. Her car is red.
  • Mark has a car. His car is red.
  • Anna and Mark have a car. Their car is red.

Nu folosi un articol înaintea unui adjectiv posesiv.

  • Corect: my friend
  • Incorect: the my friend

Exemple

  1. My name is Daniel.
  2. Where is your passport?
  3. His sister works at a hospital.
  4. Her children are at school.
  5. The cat is washing its face.
  6. Our apartment is very small.
  7. Their parents live in Canada.
  8. I cannot find my keys.
  9. She is talking to her manager.
  10. We invited our friends to dinner.

Excepții

Its este un adjectiv posesiv.

  • The company changed its name.

It’s este forma scurtă a lui it is sau it has.

  • It’s cold today.
  • It’s been a long day.

Nu folosi apostrof în adjectivul posesiv its.

Adjectivele posesive sunt diferite de pronumele posesive.

  • This is my book.
  • This book is mine.

Un adjectiv posesiv trebuie urmat de un substantiv. Un pronume posesiv înlocuiește substantivul.

Greșeli frecvente

  1. Incorect: She is my sister. His name is Anna. Corect: She is my sister. Her name is Anna. Explicație: Folosește her pentru un posesor de gen feminin.

  2. Incorect: He has a car. Her car is new. Corect: He has a car. His car is new. Explicație: Folosește his pentru un posesor de gen masculin.

  3. Incorect: This is mine book. Corect: This is my book. Explicație: Folosește adjectivul posesiv my înaintea unui substantiv.

  4. Incorect: The dog is eating it’s food. Corect: The dog is eating its food. Explicație: Its arată posesia. It’s înseamnă it is sau it has.

  5. Incorect: This is the my phone. Corect: This is my phone. Explicație: Nu folosi un articol înaintea unui adjectiv posesiv.

  6. Incorect: We live here. Their house is small. Corect: We live here. Our house is small. Explicație: Folosește our când posesorii sunt we.

  7. Incorect: They are washing their car, and she is cleaning their window. Corect: They are washing their car, and she is cleaning her window. Explicație: Alege adjectivul posesiv în funcție de posesor.

  8. Incorect: My books is on the table. Corect: My books are on the table. Explicație: Adjectivul posesiv nu se schimbă, dar verbul trebuie să se acorde cu substantivul la plural.