ຄູ່ມືໄວຍາກອນ

ມັນແມ່ນຫຍັງ?

ຄຳກຳກັບຄວາມຖີ່ສະແດງວ່າການກະທຳເກີດຂຶ້ນບໍ່ຫຼາຍປານໃດ.

ຄຳກຳກັບຄວາມຖີ່ທີ່ພົບເຫັນໄດ້ບໍ່ຍາກ ປະກອບມີ:

• always — ທຸກຄັ້ງ
• usually — ສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ຂອງເວລາ
• often — ຫຼາຍຄັ້ງ
• sometimes — ໃນບາງໂອກາດ
• rarely — ບໍ່ຄ່ອຍ
• hardly ever — ເກືອບບໍ່ເຄີຍ
• never — ບໍ່ເຄີຍເລີຍ

ຄຳເຫຼົ່ານີ້ອະທິບາຍຄວາມຖີ່ໂດຍບໍ່ໃຫ້ຈຳນວນທີ່ແນ່ນອນ.

ເມື່ອໃດຈຶ່ງໃຊ້

ໃຊ້ຄຳກຳກັບຄວາມຖີ່ເພື່ອເວົ້າກ່ຽວກັບນິໄສ, ກິດວັດ, ແລະການກະທຳທີ່ເກີດຊ້ຳໆ.

• I usually drink coffee in the morning.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

ມັນຖືກໃຊ້ຄູ່ກັບ Present Simple ເປັນປົກກະຕິ ເພາະການເວລານີ້ອະທິບາຍການກະທຳປະຈຳ ແລະນິໄສ.

ບາງສຳນວນໃຫ້ຄວາມຖີ່ທີ່ແນ່ນອນກວ່າ:

• every day
• once a week
• twice a month
• three times a year

ສຳນວນເຫຼົ່ານີ້ມັກຢູ່ຕົ້ນ ຫຼື ທ້າຍປະໂຫຍກ.

• I exercise three times a week.
• Every Friday, we order pizza.

ໂຄງສ້າງ

ກັບກິລິຍາສ່ວນໃຫຍ່

ວາງຄຳກຳກັບຄວາມຖີ່ໄວ້ກ່ອນກິລິຍາຫຼັກ.

subject + adverb of frequency + main verb

• We sometimes play tennis.
• He rarely drives at night.

ກັບກິລິຍາ “be”

ວາງຄຳກຳກັບຄວາມຖີ່ໄວ້ຫຼັງກິລິຍາ be.

subject + be + adverb of frequency

• He is never late.
• We are usually at home on Sundays.

ກັບກິລິຍາຊ່ວຍ ແລະກິລິຍາ modal

ວາງຄຳກຳກັບໄວ້ຫຼັງກິລິຍາຊ່ວຍຕົວທຳອິດ ຫຼືກິລິຍາ modal.

subject + auxiliary or modal + adverb + main verb

• She can always help you.
• I have never seen that film.
• They do not usually work on weekends.
• He will often call in the evening.

Sometimes, usually, and often

Sometimes, usually, ແລະ often ສາມາດຢູ່ຕົ້ນປະໂຫຍກໄດ້ດ້ວຍ.

• Sometimes, I walk to work.
• Usually, we eat dinner at home.
• Often, she reads before bed.

Sometimes ສາມາດຢູ່ທ້າຍປະໂຫຍກໄດ້ດ້ວຍ.

• I cook dinner sometimes.

Never

Never ມີຄວາມໝາຍເປັນປະຕິເສດຢູ່ແລ້ວ. ຢ່າໃຊ້ມັນກັບ not.

• I never smoke.
• She is never rude.

ຕົວຢ່າງ

1. I always check my email in the morning.
2. She usually takes the bus to work.
3. We often cook dinner together.
4. He sometimes forgets his keys.
5. They rarely go to restaurants.
6. My parents hardly ever travel in winter.
7. I never drink coffee at night.
8. She is always friendly to customers.
9. We are usually busy on Mondays.
10. He can often solve difficult problems.

ຂໍ້ຍົກເວັ້ນ

ບາງສຳນວນຄວາມຖີ່ບໍ່ໄດ້ປະຕິບັດຕາມຕຳແໜ່ງຂອງຄຳກຳກັບປົກກະຕິ.

ສຳນວນເຊັ່ນ every day, once a week, ແລະ three times a month ມັກຢູ່ຕົ້ນ ຫຼື ທ້າຍປະໂຫຍກ.

• I call my parents once a week.
• Every morning, she goes for a walk.

ຄຳກຳກັບ sometimes ສາມາດຢູ່ກ່ອນກິລິຍາຫຼັກ, ຢູ່ຕົ້ນ, ຫຼືຢູ່ທ້າຍປະໂຫຍກໄດ້.

• I sometimes work from home.
• Sometimes, I work from home.
• I work from home sometimes.

ຂໍ້ຜິດພາດທີ່ພົບເຫັນບໍ່ຍາກ

1. Incorrect: I go always to work by bus. Correct: I always go to work by bus. Explanation: ວາງຄຳກຳກັບໄວ້ກ່ອນກິລິຍາຫຼັກ.

2. Incorrect: She always is tired. Correct: She is always tired. Explanation: ວາງຄຳກຳກັບໄວ້ຫຼັງກິລິຍາ be.

3. Incorrect: He does never eat breakfast. Correct: He never eats breakfast. Explanation: Never ມີຄວາມໝາຍເປັນປະຕິເສດຢູ່ແລ້ວ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນຢ່າໃຊ້ does ເປັນກິລິຍາຊ່ວຍປະຕິເສດ.

4. Incorrect: They don't never arrive late. Correct: They never arrive late. Explanation: ຢ່າໃຊ້ not ແລະ never ຮ່ວມກັນ.

5. Incorrect: I am drink usually coffee. Correct: I usually drink coffee. Explanation: ຢ່າໃຊ້ am ກ່ອນກິລິຍາຫຼັກໃນ Present Simple.

6. Incorrect: She can drive always safely. Correct: She can always drive safely. Explanation: ວາງຄຳກຳກັບໄວ້ຫຼັງກິລິຍາ modal can.

7. Incorrect: We go to the gym often every day. Correct: We go to the gym every day. Explanation: ຫຼີກລ້ຽງການໃຊ້ສຳນວນຄວາມຖີ່ສອງອັນເມື່ອອັນດຽວກໍພໍແລ້ວ.

8. Incorrect: He never is late. Correct: He is never late. Explanation: ກັບກິລິຍາ be, ວາງຄຳກຳກັບໄວ້ຫຼັງກິລິຍາ.