ຄູ່ມືໄວຍາກອນ

ມັນແມ່ນຫຍັງ?

Present Simple ຖືກໃຊ້ເພື່ອເວົ້າເຖິງນິໄສ, ກິດຈະກຳປະຈຳວັນ, ຂໍ້ເທັດຈິງ, ສະຖານະການຖາວອນ, ແລະສິ່ງທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນເປັນປະຈຳ.

ຕົວຢ່າງ:

• I work from home.
• She drinks coffee every morning.
• The sun rises in the east.

ກັບ he, she, ແລະ it, ຄຳກຳມະມັກຈະລົງທ້າຍດ້ວຍ -s ຫຼື -es.

• I work.
• He works.
• They watch television.
• She watches television.

ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ຄວນໃຊ້

ໃຊ້ Present Simple ສຳລັບ:

• ນິໄສ ແລະ ກິດຈະກຳປະຈຳວັນ: I walk to work every day.
• ການກະທຳຊ້ຳໆ: She calls her mother every Sunday.
• ຂໍ້ເທັດຈິງທົ່ວໄປ: Water boils at 100°C.
• ສະຖານະການຖາວອນ: They live in Canada.
• ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ ແລະ ຄວາມຮູ້ສຶກ: I like this song.
• ຕາຕະລາງ ແລະ ເວລາ: The train leaves at six.
• ຄຳແນະນຳ ແລະ ທິດທາງ: Turn left, and the bank is on your right.

ຄຳສະແດງເວລາທົ່ວໄປລວມມີ:

• always
• usually
• often
• sometimes
• rarely
• never
• every day
• once a week
• on Mondays

ໂຄງສ້າງ

ປະໂຫຍກບອກເລົ່າ

ໃຊ້ຮູບປົກກະຕິຂອງຄຳກຳມະກັບ I, you, we, ແລະ they.

ໃຊ້ຄຳກຳມະທີ່ລົງທ້າຍດ້ວຍ -s ຫຼື -es ກັບ he, she, ແລະ it.

ການສະກົດຄຳກັບ he, she, ແລະ it

ປະໂຫຍກປະຕິເສດ

ໃຊ້:

subject + do not/does not + ຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິ

ຮູບຫຍໍ້ແມ່ນ:

• do not → don’t
• does not → doesn’t

ຫຼັງຈາກ doesn’t, ໃຫ້ໃຊ້ຮູບປົກກະຕິຂອງຄຳກຳມະ.

ປະໂຫຍກຄຳຖາມ

ໃຊ້:

Do/Does + ປະທານ + ຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິ?

• Do you work here?
• Does she speak French?
• Do they live nearby?

ຄຳຕອບສັ້ນ

• Do you drive? — Yes, I do.
• Do they work here? — No, they don’t.
• Does he cook? — Yes, he does.
• Does she live in Calgary? — No, she doesn’t.

ຄຳກຳມະວິເສດຄວາມຖີ່

ຄຳກຳມະວິເສດເຊັ່ນ always, usually, often, sometimes, ແລະ never ມັກຈະມາກ່ອນຄຳກຳມະຫຼັກ.

• I usually get up at seven.
• She often walks to work.
• They never eat meat.

ກັບຄຳກຳມະ to be, ຄຳກຳມະວິເສດມັກຈະມາຫຼັງຄຳກຳມະ.

• He is always busy.
• We are usually at home.

ຕົວຢ່າງ

1. I drink coffee every morning.
2. She works in a hospital.
3. They play football on Saturdays.
4. He doesn’t eat meat.
5. We don’t watch much television.
6. Do you speak English?
7. Does your brother live nearby?
8. The shop opens at nine.
9. Water freezes at 0°C.
10. My parents usually visit us in summer.

ຂໍ້ຍົກເວັ້ນ

ຄຳກຳມະ to be ໃຊ້ am, is, ແລະ are ແລະບໍ່ໃຊ້ do ຫຼື does ໃນປະໂຫຍກປະຕິເສດ ແລະ ຄຳຖາມ.

• I am tired.
• She isn’t at home.
• Are they ready?

ຄຳກຳມະ have ມັກຈະເປັນປົກກະຕິໃນພາສາອັງກິດອາເມລິກາ.

• Do you have a car?
• She doesn’t have a car.

ໃນພາສາອັງກິດອັງກິດ, have got ກໍ່ພົບທົ່ວໄປ.

• Have you got a car?
• She hasn’t got a car.

ຄຳກຳມະບາງຄຳອະທິບາຍສະຖານະ ແລະ ມັກຈະໃຊ້ໃນ Present Simple ຫຼາຍກວ່າ Present Continuous.

• know
• believe
• want
• need
• like
• love
• understand

ຂໍ້ຜິດພາດທົ່ວໄປ

1. ຜິດ: He work every day. ຖືກ: He works every day. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ເພີ່ມ -s ໃສ່ຄຳກຳມະກັບ he, she, ແລະ it.

2. ຜິດ: She don’t like coffee. ຖືກ: She doesn’t like coffee. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ doesn’t ກັບ she.

3. ຜິດ: Does he works here? ຖືກ: Does he work here? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິຫຼັງ does.

4. ຜິດ: I am go to work every day. ຖືກ: I go to work every day. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ຢ່າໃຊ້ am ກ່ອນຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິໃນ Present Simple.

5. ຜິດ: They doesn’t live here. ຖືກ: They don’t live here. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ don’t ກັບ they.

6. ຜິດ: She studys English. ຖືກ: She studies English. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ປ່ຽນພະຍັນຊະນະ + y ເປັນ i ກ່ອນເພີ່ມ -es.

7. ຜິດ: Do she speak French? ຖືກ: Does she speak French? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ does ກັບ she.

8. ຜິດ: He doesn’t goes to school. ຖືກ: He doesn’t go to school. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຮູບປົກກະຕິຫຼັງ doesn’t.