ຄູ່ມືໄວຍາກອນ

ມັນແມ່ນຫຍັງ?

ຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງ (superlative adjectives) ໃຊ້ເພື່ອປຽບທຽບຄົນ, ສິ່ງຂອງ, ສະຖານທີ່, ຫຼືສະຖານະການໜຶ່ງກັບທັງໝົດໃນກຸ່ມ.

ພວກມັນສະແດງລະດັບສູງສຸດ ຫຼື ຕ່ຳສຸດຂອງຄຸນລັກສະນະໜຶ່ງ.

ໃນພາສາອັງກິດ, ຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງປົກກະຕິໃຊ້ຄຳນຳໜ້າແນ່ນອນ the.

• tall → the tallest
• fast → the fastest
• beautiful → the most beautiful
• expensive → the most expensive

ຮູບແບບທົ່ວໄປ:

ເມື່ອໃດຈຶ່ງໃຊ້

ໃຊ້ຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງເມື່ອປຽບທຽບຄົນ ຫຼື ສິ່ງຂອງໜຶ່ງກັບທັງກຸ່ມ.

• Emma is the tallest student in the class.
• This is the cheapest phone in the store.

ໃຊ້ຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງເພື່ອພັນລະນາລະດັບສູງສຸດຂອງຄຸນລັກສະນະໜຶ່ງ.

• It is the hottest day of the week.
• He is the fastest runner on the team.

ໃຊ້ the most + adjective ກັບຄຳຄຸນນາມຍາວຫຼາຍໆຄຳ.

• This is the most interesting book here.
• That is the most expensive restaurant in town.

ໃຊ້ the least + adjective ສຳລັບລະດັບຕ່ຳສຸດຂອງຄຸນລັກສະນະໜຶ່ງ.

• This is the least difficult exercise.
• It is the least expensive option.

ໂຄງສ້າງ

ສຳລັບຄຳຄຸນນາມສັ້ນຫຼາຍໆຄຳ, ເພີ່ມ -est.

Subject + be + the + adjective-est + noun/complement

• tall → the tallest
• small → the smallest
• fast → the fastest

ຕົວຢ່າງ:

Leo is the tallest student in the class.

ຖ້າຄຳຄຸນນາມລົງທ້າຍດ້ວຍ -e, ເພີ່ມພຽງ -st.

• nice → the nicest
• large → the largest

ຖ້າຄຳຄຸນນາມສັ້ນລົງທ້າຍດ້ວຍສະຫຼະໜຶ່ງ + ພະຍັນຊະນະໜຶ່ງ, ພະຍັນຊະນະສຸດທ້າຍມັກຈະຖືກຊ້ຳ.

• big → the biggest
• hot → the hottest

ຖ້າຄຳຄຸນນາມລົງທ້າຍດ້ວຍພະຍັນຊະນະ + -y, ປ່ຽນ y ເປັນ i ແລ້ວເພີ່ມ -est.

• happy → the happiest
• easy → the easiest

ສຳລັບຄຳຄຸນນາມຍາວຫຼາຍໆຄຳ, ໃຊ້ the most.

Subject + be + the most + adjective + noun/complement

• the most beautiful
• the most comfortable
• the most important

ຕົວຢ່າງ:

This is the most comfortable chair in the room.

ເພື່ອສະແດງລະດັບຕ່ຳສຸດ, ໃຊ້ the least.

Subject + be + the least + adjective + noun/complement

ຕົວຢ່າງ:

This is the least expensive hotel nearby.

ຄຳຄຸນນາມທົ່ວໄປບາງຄຳມີຮູບແບບຊັ້ນສູງທີ່ບໍ່ປົກກະຕິ.

ກຸ່ມທີ່ຖືກປຽບທຽບມັກຈະຖືກນຳດ້ວຍ in ຫຼື of.

• the tallest student in the class
• the best day of the week

ຕົວຢ່າງ

1. Mia is the tallest girl in her class.
2. This is the smallest room in the house.
3. August is the hottest month here.
4. That was the easiest question on the test.
5. This is the most comfortable chair in the office.
6. He bought the most expensive phone in the store.
7. This is the least difficult task today.
8. She is the best player on the team.
9. That was the worst day of my week.
10. It is the furthest shop from my home.

ຂໍ້ຍົກເວັ້ນ

ຄຳຄຸນນາມບາງຄຳມີຮູບແບບຊັ້ນສູງທີ່ບໍ່ປົກກະຕິ.

• good → the best
• bad → the worst
• far → the farthest / the furthest

ປົກກະຕິບໍ່ໃຊ້ທັງ most ແລະ -est ກັບຄຳຄຸນນາມດຽວກັນ.

ໃຊ້:

the tallest

ບໍ່ໃຊ້:

the most tallest

ຄຳນຳໜ້າແນ່ນອນ the ປົກກະຕິໃຊ້ກ່ອນຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງເມື່ອຄຳຄຸນນາມນັ້ນພັນລະນາຄຳນາມ.

• She is the fastest runner.
• This is the best option.

ເມື່ອຄຳສະແດງການຄອບຄອງລະບຸຄຳນາມແລ້ວ, the ບໍ່ຖືກໃຊ້.

• my best friend
• her biggest problem
• our most important task

ຄຳຄຸນນາມສອງພະຍາງບາງຄຳສາມາດໃຊ້ -est ຫຼື most ກໍໄດ້, ຂຶ້ນກັບຄຳຄຸນນາມ ແລະ ການໃຊ້.

• the cleverest / the most clever
• the quietest / the most quiet

ຄວາມຜິດພາດທົ່ວໄປ

1. Incorrect: She is tallest student in the class. Correct: She is the tallest student in the class. Explanation: ຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງປົກກະຕິໃຊ້ the ກ່ອນຄຳຄຸນນາມ.

2. Incorrect: This is most expensive car here. Correct: This is the most expensive car here. Explanation: ໃຊ້ the ກ່ອນ most + adjective ໃນຄຳຄຸນນາມຊັ້ນສູງ.

3. Incorrect: He is the most tallest boy in the group. Correct: He is the tallest boy in the group. Explanation: ຢ່າໃຊ້ທັງ most ແລະ -est ກັບຄຳຄຸນນາມດຽວກັນ.

4. Incorrect: This is the beautifullest place here. Correct: This is the most beautiful place here. Explanation: ຄຳຄຸນນາມຍາວປົກກະຕິໃຊ້ the most ແທນ -est.

5. Incorrect: Today is the hotest day of the week. Correct: Today is the hottest day of the week. Explanation: ຊ້ຳພະຍັນຊະນະສຸດທ້າຍໃນ hot ກ່ອນເພີ່ມ -est.

6. Incorrect: This is the easyest question. Correct: This is the easiest question. Explanation: ກັບຄຳຄຸນນາມທີ່ລົງທ້າຍດ້ວຍພະຍັນຊະນະ + y, ປ່ຽນ y ເປັນ i ກ່ອນເພີ່ມ -est.

7. Incorrect: He is my the best friend. Correct: He is my best friend. Explanation: ຢ່າໃຊ້ the ເມື່ອຄຳສະແດງການຄອບຄອງເຊັ່ນ my ລະບຸຄຳນາມແລ້ວ.