ຄູ່ມືໄວຍາກອນ

ມັນແມ່ນຫຍັງ?

Past Simple ແມ່ນໃຊ້ເພື່ອເວົ້າເຖິງການກະທຳ, ເຫດການ, ແລະສະຖານະການທີ່ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ແລະ ສິ້ນສຸດໃນອະດີດ.

ຕົວຢ່າງ:

• I visited my friend yesterday.
• She worked from home last week.
• They went to the cinema.

ຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິປົກກະຕິແລ້ວຈະສ້າງ Past Simple ດ້ວຍ -ed.

• work → worked
• play → played
• clean → cleaned

ຄຳກຳມະບໍ່ປົກກະຕິມີຮູບແບບອະດີດພິເສດ.

• go → went
• see → saw
• buy → bought
• have → had

ເວລາໃດທີ່ຈະໃຊ້

ໃຊ້ Past Simple ສຳລັບ:

• ການກະທຳທີ່ສຳເລັດໃນອະດີດ: I finished the report yesterday.
• ຊຸດຂອງການກະທຳທີ່ສຳເລັດ: She opened the door, walked inside, and sat down.
• ນິໄສໃນອະດີດ: We played outside every day.
• ສະຖານະການໃນອະດີດທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນຈິງອີກຕໍ່ໄປ: He lived in London for five years.
• ການກະທຳໃນເວລາສະເພາະໃນອະດີດ: They arrived at 8 p.m.

ການສະແດງເວລາອະດີດທົ່ວໄປລວມມີ:

• yesterday
• last night
• last week
• two days ago
• in 2020
• when I was a child

ໂຄງສ້າງ

ປະໂຫຍກບອກເລົ່າ

ສຳລັບຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິ, ໃຊ້:

ປະທານ + ຄຳກຳມະ-ed

ສຳລັບຄຳກຳມະບໍ່ປົກກະຕິ, ໃຊ້ຮູບແບບອະດີດພິເສດ.

ຮູບແບບອະດີດແມ່ນຄືກັນສຳລັບທຸກປະທານ.

• I worked.
• He worked.
• They worked.

ປະໂຫຍກປະຕິເສດ

ໃຊ້:

ປະທານ + did not + ຄຳກຳມະພື້ນຖານ

ຮູບແບບຫຍໍ້ຂອງ did not ແມ່ນ didn’t.

• I did not call him.
• She didn’t go to work.
• They didn’t understand the question.

ຫຼັງຈາກ didn’t, ໃຫ້ໃຊ້ຮູບແບບພື້ນຖານຂອງຄຳກຳມະ.

ປະໂຫຍກຄຳຖາມ

ໃຊ້:

Did + ປະທານ + ຄຳກຳມະພື້ນຖານ?

• Did you call her?
• Did he finish the task?
• Did they arrive on time?

ຄຳຕອບສັ້ນ

• Did you see him? — Yes, I did.
• Did she call? — No, she didn’t.
• Did they leave? — Yes, they did.

ການສະກົດຄຳຂອງຄຳກຳມະປົກກະຕິ

ຕົວຢ່າງ

1. I watched a film last night.
2. She called me yesterday.
3. We visited our grandparents on Sunday.
4. He bought a new laptop.
5. They didn’t come to the meeting.
6. I didn’t understand the question.
7. Did you finish your homework?
8. Did she take the bus?
9. We lived in Calgary for three years.
10. He opened the window and turned on the light.

ຂໍ້ຍົກເວັ້ນ

ຄຳກຳມະ to be ບໍ່ໃຊ້ did ໃນຄຳຖາມ ແລະ ປະຕິເສດຂອງ Past Simple.

• I was tired.
• They were at home.
• She wasn’t ready.
• Were you busy?

ຄຳກຳມະບາງຄຳບໍ່ປົກກະຕິ ແລະ ບໍ່ໃຊ້ -ed.

• come → came
• write → wrote
• make → made
• find → found

ຮູບແບບບໍ່ປົກກະຕິຕ້ອງຮຽນຮູ້ແຕ່ລະອັນ.

ຂໍ້ຜິດພາດທົ່ວໄປ

1. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: I goed to work yesterday. ຖືກຕ້ອງ: I went to work yesterday. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: Go ເປັນຄຳກຳມະບໍ່ປົກກະຕິ. ຮູບແບບອະດີດຂອງມັນແມ່ນ went.

2. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: She didn’t went home. ຖືກຕ້ອງ: She didn’t go home. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຄຳກຳມະພື້ນຖານຫຼັງຈາກ didn’t.

3. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Did you saw him? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Did you see him? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຄຳກຳມະພື້ນຖານຫຼັງຈາກ did.

4. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: He work yesterday. ຖືກຕ້ອງ: He worked yesterday. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຮູບແບບ Past Simple ສຳລັບການກະທຳທີ່ສຳເລັດໃນອະດີດ.

5. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: They was late. ຖືກຕ້ອງ: They were late. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ were ກັບ they.

6. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: I didn’t called her. ຖືກຕ້ອງ: I didn’t call her. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ຢ່າໃຊ້ຮູບແບບອະດີດຫຼັງຈາກ didn’t.

7. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Did she finished the task? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Did she finish the task? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຮູບແບບພື້ນຖານຫຼັງຈາກ did.

8. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: We studyed English yesterday. ຖືກຕ້ອງ: We studied English yesterday. ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ປ່ຽນພະຍັນຊະນະ + y ເປັນ i ກ່ອນເພີ່ມ -ed.