ຄູ່ມືໄວຍາກອນ

ມັນແມ່ນຫຍັງ?

ຄຳຖາມຖືກໃຊ້ເພື່ອຂໍຂໍ້ມູນ, ການຢືນຢັນ, ການອະນຸຍາດ, ຫຼືການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ.

ຄຳຖາມພາສາອັງກິດມັກໃຊ້ຄຳກິລິຍາຊ່ວຍ (auxiliary verb) ກ່ອນປະທານ.

ຄຳຖາມທົ່ວໄປລວມມີ:

• who
• what
• where
• when
• why
• which
• how

ຕົວຢ່າງ:

• Do you work here?
• Is she at home?
• Where do they live?
• Why are you tired?

ເວລາໃຊ້

ໃຊ້ຄຳຖາມທີ່ຕອບແມ່ນ/ບໍ່ແມ່ນ ເມື່ອຄຳຕອບສາມາດເປັນ ແມ່ນ ຫຼື ບໍ່ແມ່ນ.

• Do you like coffee?
• Is he ready?
• Can they come?

ໃຊ້ຄຳຖາມທີ່ມີຄຳຖາມ (question-word questions) ເມື່ອທ່ານຕ້ອງການຂໍ້ມູນສະເພາະ.

• What do you want?
• Where does she work?
• When are they leaving?
• Why did he call?
• How can I help?

ໃຊ້ຄຳຖາມເພື່ອຖາມກ່ຽວກັບ:

• ຄົນ: Who is that?
• ສິ່ງຂອງ: What is this?
• ສະຖານທີ່: Where do you live?
• ເວລາ: When does the meeting start?
• ເຫດຜົນ: Why are you late?
• ທາງເລືອກ: Which colour do you prefer?
• ວິທີການ ຫຼື ສະພາບ: How do you make this?

ໂຄງສ້າງ

ຄຳຖາມກັບ to be

ໃຊ້:

am/is/are + ປະທານ + ສ່ວນຂະຫຍາຍ?

ສຳລັບຄຳຖາມອະດີດ, ໃຊ້ was ຫຼື were.

• Was he at work?
• Were they busy?

ຄຳຖາມກັບຄຳກິລິຍາອື່ນໆ

ໃຊ້ do ຫຼື does ໃນ Present Simple.

do/does + ປະທານ + ຄຳກິລິຍາຮາກ?

ໃຊ້ did ໃນ Past Simple.

did + ປະທານ + ຄຳກິລິຍາຮາກ?

• Did you call her?
• Did he finish the task?

ຄຳຖາມກັບຄຳກິລິຍາຊ່ວຍແບບ modal

ໃສ່ຄຳກິລິຍາ modal ກ່ອນປະທານ.

modal verb + ປະທານ + ຄຳກິລິຍາຮາກ?

• Can you swim?
• Could she help us?
• Should we leave?
• Will they come?

ຄຳຖາມທີ່ມີຄຳຖາມ (question-word questions)

ໃສ່ຄຳຖາມກ່ອນຄຳກິລິຍາຊ່ວຍ.

question word + auxiliary + ປະທານ + ຄຳກິລິຍາຫຼັກ?

• Where do you work?
• What does she need?
• Why did they leave?
• When will he arrive?

ກັບ to be, ໃຊ້:

question word + am/is/are/was/were + ປະທານ?

• Where is she?
• Why are they angry?
• When was the meeting?

ຄຳຖາມທີ່ມີປະທານເປັນຄຳຖາມ

ເມື່ອ who ຫຼື what ເປັນປະທານ, ຢ່າໃຊ້ do, does, ຫຼື did.

• Who called you?
• What happened?
• Who lives here?

ປຽບທຽບ:

• Who called Anna? — ຖາມກ່ຽວກັບຄົນທີ່ໂທຫາ Anna
• Who did Anna call? — ຖາມກ່ຽວກັບຄົນທີ່ Anna ໂທຫາ

ຕົວຢ່າງ

1. Do you speak English?
2. Does your brother live nearby?
3. Did they arrive on time?
4. Is she at work today?
5. Were you tired yesterday?
6. Can you help me?
7. Where do your parents live?
8. Why did he leave early?
9. What are you doing?
10. Who opened the window?

ຂໍ້ຍົກເວັ້ນ

ຢ່າໃຊ້ do, does, ຫຼື did ກັບ to be.

• ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Is she ready?
• ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Does she be ready?

ຢ່າໃຊ້ do, does, ຫຼື did ກັບຄຳກິລິຍາ modal.

• ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Can he drive?
• ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Does he can drive?

ເມື່ອຄຳຖາມເປັນປະທານ, ໃຊ້ລຳດັບຄຳຖາມປົກກະຕິ.

• Who knows the answer?
• What caused the problem?

ບາງຄຳຖາມສາມາດມີຮູບແບບຄ້າຍປະໂຫຍກບອກເລົ່າໃນການເວົ້າທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນທາງການ ເມື່ອຜູ້ເວົ້າປະຫຼາດໃຈ ຫຼື ກວດສອບຂໍ້ມູນ.

• You finished already?
• She lives here?

ຮູບແບບເຫຼົ່ານີ້ພົບທົ່ວໄປໃນການສົນທະນາ ແຕ່ບໍ່ເໝາະສົມໃນການຂຽນແບບທາງການ.

ຂໍ້ຜິດພາດທົ່ວໄປ

1. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: You like coffee? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Do you like coffee? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ do ເພື່ອສ້າງຄຳຖາມ Present Simple.

2. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Does she works here? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Does she work here? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຄຳກິລິຍາຮາກຫຼັງ does.

3. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Did he went home? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Did he go home? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃຊ້ຄຳກິລິຍາຮາກຫຼັງ did.

4. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Do they are ready? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Are they ready? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ຢ່າໃຊ້ do ກັບຄຳກິລິຍາ to be.

5. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Where she lives? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Where does she live? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃສ່ does ກ່ອນປະທານໃນຄຳຖາມ Present Simple.

6. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Why you are late? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Why are you late? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃສ່ are ກ່ອນປະທານ.

7. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Does he can swim? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Can he swim? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ໃສ່ຄຳກິລິຍາ modal ກ່ອນປະທານໂດຍບໍ່ໃຊ້ does.

8. ບໍ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Who did call you? ຖືກຕ້ອງ: Who called you? ຄຳອະທິບາຍ: ຢ່າໃຊ້ did ເມື່ອ who ເປັນປະທານ.